The nurse is caring for several clients on the med-surg unit. Who would be most at risk for development of gallstones?
The 19-year-old Native American male hospitalized with a shoulder injury.
The 40-year-old Caucasian pregnant woman who has been on bedrest for the past three months.
The 64-year-old African-American woman who is being treated for GERD.
The 25-year-old Asian woman who has been losing weight steadily for the past year.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
The 19-year-old Native American male hospitalized with a shoulder injury is less likely to develop gallstones. While there is a higher prevalence of gallstones among Native American populations, the risk is not significantly elevated in a young male with no other contributing factors such as obesity, rapid weight loss, or prolonged immobility.
Choice B rationale
The 40-year-old Caucasian pregnant woman who has been on bedrest for the past three months is at a high risk for developing gallstones. Pregnancy increases the risk due to hormonal changes that slow down the emptying of the gallbladder. Prolonged bed rest can lead to bile stasis, and the increased levels of estrogen can raise cholesterol levels in bile, both contributing to gallstone formation.
Choice C rationale
The 64-year-old African-American woman being treated for GERD is at a moderate risk for gallstones. Age and gender are risk factors for gallstones, but without other significant contributing factors such as obesity, rapid weight loss, or specific family history, her risk is not as high as the pregnant woman on bed rest.
Choice D rationale
The 25-year-old Asian woman who has been losing weight steadily for the past year is also at risk for gallstones, but the risk is less compared to the pregnant woman on bed rest. Rapid weight loss can cause gallstones due to the liver secreting extra cholesterol into bile, but steady weight loss over a longer period is less likely to cause such rapid changes in bile composition. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["6.5"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: (75 units ÷ 150 mL) × 13 mL/hr = 6.5 units/hr.
Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Avoid aspirin products. Aspirin can exacerbate gastrointestinal bleeding and irritation in patients with duodenal ulcers.
Choice B rationale
Choose regular coffee instead of herbal tea. Caffeine, found in regular coffee, can increase stomach acid production and should generally be avoided by those with ulcers.
Choice C rationale
Eat a diet rich in dairy products. Dairy products can increase stomach acid production and may worsen ulcer symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Start a smoking cessation program. Smoking can impair healing and increase stomach acid production, making it important to quit smoking for ulcer management.
Choice E rationale
Avoid ibuprofen for pain. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can irritate the stomach lining and exacerbate ulcers.
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