The nurse is discussing adverse effects of antitubercular drugs with a patient who has active tuberculosis. Which potential adverse effect of antitubercular drug therapy should the patient report to the prescriber?

Headache and nervousness

Numbness and tingling of extremities

Reddish-orange urine and stool

Gastrointestinal upset

If your partner develops these lesions, then your partner can also use the medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Headache and nervousness are not significant adverse effects of antitubercular drugs like isoniazid or rifampin. These symptoms are nonspecific and less concerning than neurotoxicity. Antitubercular drugs primarily affect the liver, nerves, or blood, making neurological symptoms like numbness more critical to report.

Choice B reason: Numbness and tingling of extremities indicate peripheral neuropathy, a serious adverse effect of isoniazid, which depletes pyridoxine (vitamin B6), impairing nerve function. This requires immediate reporting to adjust therapy or add pyridoxine supplementation, preventing irreversible nerve damage while continuing effective tuberculosis treatment.

Choice C reason: Reddish-orange urine and stool are expected effects of rifampin, which is metabolized to a red-orange compound excreted in bodily fluids. This is harmless and does not require reporting unless accompanied by other symptoms like jaundice, which could indicate hepatotoxicity, a more serious concern.

Choice D reason: Gastrointestinal upset is common with antitubercular drugs like rifampin or pyrazinamide but is not typically severe enough to warrant immediate reporting unless persistent or accompanied by signs of hepatotoxicity. Numbness is a more concerning neurological effect, requiring prompt prescriber notification to prevent complications.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Temporary swelling and rash are not common adverse effects of topical acyclovir. This antiviral inhibits viral DNA replication with minimal local irritation. Allergic reactions are rare, and swelling or rash would suggest hypersensitivity, not a typical response to topical application for genital herpes.

Choice B reason: Numbness and tingling are not associated with topical acyclovir. These symptoms may occur with systemic antivirals or nerve-related conditions, but topical acyclovir acts locally on herpes lesions with minimal systemic absorption, causing primarily mild irritation rather than neurological symptoms like paresthesia.

Choice C reason: Insomnia is not a side effect of topical acyclovir, which has negligible systemic absorption. Systemic antivirals like oral acyclovir may rarely cause CNS effects, but topical application is confined to the skin, primarily causing local irritation, not systemic effects like sleep disturbances.

Choice D reason: A burning sensation is a common adverse effect of topical acyclovir when applied to genital herpes lesions. The drug’s vehicle or local tissue irritation during application can cause transient burning or stinging, which is expected and typically resolves, requiring patient education to ensure adherence.

A. Increased risk for immunosuppression B. Increased clearance of fluticasone, decreasing risk for side effects C. Reduced clearance of fluticasone, increasing risk for side effects D. Increased risk for hypokalemia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Immunosuppression is not significantly increased with inhaled fluticasone and hydrochlorothiazide. Fluticasone has minimal systemic absorption, limiting systemic immunosuppression. Hydrochlorothiazide, a diuretic, does not enhance immune suppression but affects electrolytes, making hypokalemia a more relevant concern in this combination.

Choice B reason: Increased clearance of fluticasone is unlikely with hydrochlorothiazide. Fluticasone is metabolized by hepatic CYP3A4, and hydrochlorothiazide does not significantly induce this enzyme. Drug interactions affecting clearance are minimal, and the primary concern is the additive effect on potassium levels, not fluticasone metabolism.

Choice C reason: Reduced clearance of fluticasone is not a known interaction with hydrochlorothiazide. Fluticasone’s low systemic absorption and hepatic metabolism are unaffected by hydrochlorothiazide, which primarily affects renal electrolyte excretion. The combination does not increase fluticasone’s systemic side effects but may exacerbate electrolyte imbalances.

Choice D reason: Hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic, promotes potassium excretion, causing hypokalemia. Inhaled fluticasone has minimal systemic effects but may contribute to hypokalemia when combined with systemic corticosteroids. The nurse should monitor potassium levels, as the diuretic’s effect is the primary driver of this electrolyte imbalance in this scenario.

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The nurse is discussing adverse effects of antitubercular drugs with a patient who has active tuberculosis. Which potential adverse effect of antitubercular drug therapy should the patient report to the prescriber?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who is diagnosed with genital herpes is using topical acyclovir, and the nurse is providing instructions about adverse effects. What topic will the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which effect would a nurse anticipate might occur in a patient receiving inhaled fluticasone who is also prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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