The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking tetracycline. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication.

Take the medication until you are feeling better.

Milk and cheese products result in increased levels of tetracycline.

Antacids taken with the medication help to reduce gastrointestinal distress.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Tetracyclines, like doxycycline, cause photosensitivity by forming phototoxic compounds under UV light, leading to severe sunburn or rashes. Avoiding sunlight and tanning beds prevents skin damage, as tetracycline’s protein synthesis inhibition does not mitigate its phototoxic effects, making this the correct instruction.

Choice B reason: Taking tetracycline only until feeling better is incorrect, as incomplete treatment promotes bacterial resistance. Tetracyclines require a full course to eradicate infection, preventing survival of resistant mutants, which could worsen infections like acne or respiratory infections, making this an unsafe instruction.

Choice C reason: Milk and cheese reduce, not increase, tetracycline levels by chelating the drug, forming insoluble complexes that decrease absorption. This interaction lowers efficacy, requiring tetracycline to be taken away from dairy, making this statement incorrect for patient education.

Choice D reason: Antacids reduce tetracycline absorption by chelating with divalent cations (e.g., calcium, magnesium), forming insoluble complexes. This decreases efficacy, not gastrointestinal distress. Taking tetracycline away from antacids ensures proper absorption, making this statement incorrect and potentially harmful.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fluconazole inhibits hepatic CYP2C9, which metabolizes warfarin, increasing warfarin’s plasma levels. This enhances its anticoagulant effect, inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, leading to a higher risk of bleeding. Monitoring INR and bleeding signs is critical to prevent hemorrhage in patients on this combination.

Choice B reason: Warfarin does not decrease fluconazole’s antifungal efficacy. Fluconazole inhibits fungal ergosterol synthesis, and its action is unaffected by warfarin’s anticoagulant mechanism. The primary interaction is fluconazole’s effect on warfarin metabolism, not a reduction in fluconazole’s ability to treat fungal infections.

Choice C reason: Fluconazole increases, not reduces, warfarin’s anticoagulant effect by inhibiting CYP2C9, slowing warfarin metabolism. This leads to elevated warfarin levels, prolonging INR and increasing bleeding risk. Reduced anticoagulant action would occur with enzyme inducers, not inhibitors like fluconazole.

Choice D reason: Hypokalemia is not a known interaction between fluconazole and warfarin. Fluconazole’s side effects include hepatotoxicity, and warfarin affects clotting, but neither significantly alters potassium levels. Electrolyte imbalances are more associated with diuretics or amphotericin B, not this drug combination.

A. Albuterol is considered “long-acting” and salmeterol is considered “short-acting.” B. Albuterol is considered “short-acting” and salmeterol is considered “long-acting.” C. Salmeterol’s effects last for 3 to 4 hours, and albuterol has an extended duration of action up to 12 hours. D. Because of the onset of action, albuterol should not be used during an acute attack of asthma, but instead, salmeterol should be used.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA), with effects lasting 4-6 hours, while salmeterol is a long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA), lasting up to 12 hours. This statement reverses their durations, making it incorrect, as albuterol is used for acute relief, not maintenance.

Choice B reason: Albuterol, a SABA, acts within minutes and lasts 4-6 hours, ideal for acute asthma relief. Salmeterol, a LABA, has a slower onset (20-30 minutes) and lasts 12 hours, used for maintenance. This pharmacodynamic difference in duration makes this the correct statement.

Choice C reason: Salmeterol’s effects last up to 12 hours, not 3-4 hours, and albuterol’s duration is 4-6 hours, not 12 hours. This statement inaccurately describes their pharmacodynamic profiles, as salmeterol is long-acting and albuterol is short-acting, making it incorrect.

Choice D reason: Albuterol’s rapid onset (within minutes) makes it ideal for acute asthma attacks, while salmeterol’s slow onset (20-30 minutes) makes it unsuitable for acute relief. This statement is incorrect, as albuterol, not salmeterol, is the first-line rescue medication for asthma exacerbations.

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The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking tetracycline. Which statement by the nurse is correct?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

If a patient is taking fluconazole with warfarin, the nurse will monitor for which possible interaction?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which statement describes a pharmacodynamic difference between albuterol and salmeterol?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

What body system will the nurse assess for common adverse effects of traditional antihistamines?

The nurse is educating a client about an inhaled corticosteroid. What statement will the nurse include?

A patient with a known heart condition is prescribed an antibiotic before a dental procedure. What type of antibiotic therapy is this considered?

Which adverse effect can result if tetracycline is administered to children younger than 8 years of age?

Which of the following antibiotics is known to cause photosensitivity?

During antibiotic therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal yeast infection. What caused this?

When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics?

When monitoring a patient who is taking intravenous dexamethasone, the nurse will monitor for signs of which condition?