The nurse is discussing the ecological model of health care and includes characteristics related to marital status, level of education, race, attitudes, and beliefs. Which of the following influences in terms of the ecological model would cover these characteristics?
Macrocultural
Microsystem
Exosystem
Ontogenetic
The Correct Answer is B
A. Macrocultural influences refer to broad cultural and societal contexts, such as policies and cultural norms, rather than individual characteristics.
B. Microsystem influences include immediate environments and relationships affecting an individual, such as marital status, education level, and personal attitudes.
C. Exosystem influences involve broader social systems that indirectly affect the individual, like community resources or workplace policies.
D. Ontogenetic influences focus on personal development and biological factors rather than societal characteristics like education and beliefs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While refusal to eat can be a normal part of the dying process, it is important to address the family’s concerns and provide comfort, rather than dismissing their worries.
B. Refusing to eat at the end of life can often lead to a sense of peacefulness and is a common part of the dying process. It’s important to reassure the family and focus on comfort.
C. Planning a schedule for high-calorie liquids may not be appropriate or aligned with the client’s comfort and goals of care at the end of life.
D. A feeding tube is generally not indicated in hospice care as it may not contribute to the comfort and quality of life for the client at this stage.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Physician and nursing staff." While the physician and nursing staff play a role in providing medical care and guidance, they are not responsible for making decisions about end-of-life care when the client cannot communicate their wishes.
B. "Physician and family." The physician can provide medical recommendations and guidance, but the family members are responsible for making decisions about end-of-life care when there is no advance directive.
C. "Spouse and adult children." This is correct. In the absence of an advance directive, the responsibility for making end-of-life decisions typically falls to the spouse and/or adult children, as they are usually considered the next of kin or legal decision-makers.
D. "Notary and attorney." Notaries and attorneys are not responsible for making medical decisions about end-of-life care. Their role is more related to legal documentation and advice.
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