The nurse is doing an admission assessment on a client with schizophrenia. Which of the following are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Symptom Positive Negative

Disordered thinking

Flat affect

Trouble concentrating

Lack of initiative

Social withdrawal

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B

A.   Disordered thinking, also known as formal thought disorder, involves disturbances in the thought process, such as loosening of associations, thought blocking, or tangentiality. These disturbances result in fragmented or illogical thinking patterns.
B.   Flat affect refers to a reduction or absence of emotional expression. Individuals with flat affect may appear emotionally dull or unresponsive, showing little variation in facial expressions or vocal tone.
D.   Apathy refers to a lack of motivation, interest, or enthusiasm in engaging with one's environment or pursuing goals. Individuals with schizophrenia may experience extreme apathy, which can contribute to social withdrawal and functional impairment.
E.   Lack of initiative, also known as avolition, refers to a reduction or absence of goal-directed behavior or motivation to engage in purposeful activities. Individuals with schizophrenia may have difficulty initiating and sustaining activities of daily living or pursuing personal interests.
F.   Social withdrawal involves the avoidance or reduction of social interactions and activities. It may result from factors such as social anxiety, apathy, or disinterest in socializing due to psychotic symptoms or negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
C. Trouble concentrating is not typically considered a primary symptom of schizophrenia. While difficulties with concentration or attention may occur, they are more often associated with cognitive impairments rather than positive or negative symptoms.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. MAOIs are a class of antidepressants that work by inhibiting the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. MAOIs can interact with certain foods and other medications, potentially leading to a hypertensive crisis characterized by severe hypertension, headache, diaphoresis, and other symptoms.
B. SSRIs are commonly prescribed antidepressants that work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin syndrome can present with symptoms such as headache, diaphoresis, tachycardia, and hyperthermia, but it typically doesn't cause severe hypertension.
C. TCAs are another class of antidepressants that work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. TCAs can cause anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. However, TCAs are less commonly associated with severe hypertension compared to MAOIs.
D. Atypical antipsychotics are used to treat various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. While they are not typically associated with causing severe hypertension directly, they can have cardiovascular side effects such as tachycardia and orthostatic hypotension.

A. A child who uses the call light frequently B. A child whose parents answer questions for the child C. A child who has a BMI indicating obesity D. A child who has frequent visitors

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. This behavior may be concerning if it indicates a lack of autonomy or control over one's own communication. It could suggest overprotective or controlling behavior by the parents, which may be indicative of emotional abuse or neglect.

A. Frequent use of the call light may indicate a need for assistance or discomfort but does not necessarily indicate abuse. It could be related to the child's medical condition, anxiety, or other factors.

C. Childhood obesity itself is not necessarily indicative of abuse. It can result from a variety of factors, including genetics, dietary habits, and lifestyle factors.

D. Frequent visitors alone do not necessarily indicate abuse. However, it's important to consider the nature of the visitors' relationship with the child and whether they may pose a risk of harm.

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The nurse is doing an admission assessment on a client with schizophrenia. Which of the following are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing care to children on a general pediatric unit. Which of the following children should the nurse identify as a potential victim of abuse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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