The nurse is instilling erythromycin ointment to the lower lid of the newborn’s eyes. Why is this medication being given to the newborn?
To provide moisture.
To prevent chemical conjunctivitis.
To prevent infection.
To treat infection.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Erythromycin ointment does not have moisturizing properties. Its primary purpose is to prevent bacterial infection, not to provide moisture to the eyes.
While some ointments may have a slight moisturizing effect, this is not the main reason for using erythromycin ointment in newborns.
If moisture is the primary concern, other products specifically designed to lubricate the eyes would be more appropriate.
Choice B rationale:
Chemical conjunctivitis is typically caused by exposure to irritants such as chlorine in swimming pools or strong chemicals. Erythromycin ointment is not effective in preventing chemical conjunctivitis.
In fact, it could potentially worsen the irritation if used in cases of chemical conjunctivitis.
If chemical conjunctivitis is suspected, flushing the eyes with water or saline solution and seeking medical attention would be the appropriate course of action.
Choice D rationale:
Erythromycin ointment is an antibiotic, but it is not typically used to treat active infections in newborns.
If a newborn has a suspected eye infection, a healthcare provider would likely prescribe a different antibiotic eye drop or ointment that is more effective in treating the specific infection.
However, erythromycin ointment can be used as a prophylactic measure to prevent eye infections, which is why it is commonly administered to newborns shortly after birth.
Choice C rationale:
Erythromycin ointment is primarily used to prevent eye infections in newborns.
It is effective against a variety of bacteria that can cause conjunctivitis, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the bacteria that causes gonorrhea) and Chlamydia trachomatis (the bacteria that causes chlamydia).
These bacteria can be passed from the mother to the baby during childbirth, and if left untreated, they can cause serious eye infections that can lead to vision loss.
By applying erythromycin ointment to the newborn's eyes shortly after birth, the risk of these infections can be significantly reduced.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale for Choice A:
Repeating the dose of nitroglycerin SL is not recommended at this time due to the patient's hypotension (blood pressure of 88/68 mmHg).
Administering additional nitroglycerin could further lower the blood pressure, potentially leading to adverse consequences such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or even fainting.
It's crucial to prioritize patient safety and avoid actions that could exacerbate their condition. Rationale for Choice B:
Notifying the provider is the most appropriate action in this situation for several reasons:
The patient's chest pain has not been relieved by the initial dose of nitroglycerin, indicating a need for further evaluation and potential adjustments to the treatment plan.
The patient's blood pressure is low, which warrants close monitoring and possible intervention to prevent complications.
The provider can assess the patient's overall clinical picture, including other symptoms and medical history, to determine the best course of action.
Early notification allows for timely interventions and potential prevention of further complications. Rationale for Choice C:
While nitroglycerin by translingual spray may be considered in some cases of persistent angina, it's not the most appropriate choice in this situation due to the patient's hypotension.
The translingual spray can also have a rapid onset of action, which might further lower the blood pressure if not carefully monitored.
It's essential to consider the patient's overall hemodynamic status before administering any medication that could potentially affect blood pressure.
Rationale for Choice D:
Administering NPH insulin is not relevant to the management of angina or chest pain.
Insulin is used to treat hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes, and its administration would not address the underlying issue of the patient's chest pain.
It's important to select interventions that are directly targeted at the patient's presenting symptoms and condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale for Choice A:
Decreasing the morning insulin dose by half without consulting the provider could lead to hyperglycemia, which can be dangerous for patients with diabetes, especially those undergoing surgery.
It is important to individualize insulin doses based on the patient's blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and other factors. The provider may need to assess the patient's blood glucose levels and adjust the insulin dose accordingly.
Rationale for Choice B:
It is not safe to assume that the provider would want the client to receive the usual insulin dose prior to surgery without confirming this with the provider.
Patients with diabetes who are NPO (nothing by mouth) are at risk for hypoglycemia, as they are not receiving their usual intake of carbohydrates.
It is important to adjust insulin doses to prevent hypoglycemia in these patients.
Rationale for Choice D:
Holding the morning dose of insulin until after a fasting glucose is done could lead to hyperglycemia, as the patient would not be receiving any insulin to cover their blood glucose levels.
It is important to administer insulin to patients with diabetes, even if they are NPO, to prevent hyperglycemia.
Rationale for Choice C:
This is the best action for the nurse to take because it ensures that the provider is aware of the situation and can provide appropriate orders for the patient's insulin management.
The provider may need to adjust the insulin dose, order a fasting glucose level, or provide other instructions for the patient's care.
It is important to communicate with the provider to ensure that the patient receives safe and appropriate care.
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