The nurse is learning about effective nurse leadership. The nurse should recognize that an effective nurse leader has which of the following qualities? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Choice A reason:

Placing the client on a low-protein, low-calorie diet is not appropriate for managing bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease. While dietary adjustments may be necessary for overall health, they do not directly address the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s. In fact, protein intake needs to be managed carefully to avoid interference with medication absorption, but a low-calorie diet is not typically recommended.

Choice B reason:

Teaching the client to walk more quickly when ambulating is not advisable for someone with bradykinesia. Parkinson’s disease often causes difficulty with movement initiation and control, and encouraging faster walking could increase the risk of falls. Instead, strategies to improve gait and balance, such as physical therapy, are more appropriate.

Choice C reason:

Completing passive range-of-motion exercises daily can be beneficial for maintaining joint flexibility and preventing stiffness. However, this action alone does not specifically address bradykinesia, which is characterized by slowness of movement. Active exercises and physical therapy are more effective in managing bradykinesia.

Choice D reason:

Giving the patient extra time to perform activities is crucial for managing bradykinesia. Clients with Parkinson’s disease often need more time to complete tasks due to the slowness of movement. Allowing extra time helps reduce frustration and promotes independence, making it an essential part of care.

Choice A reason:

Seasonal allergies, also known as allergic rhinitis, can be exacerbated by air pollutants, including ozone. However, individuals with asthma are more severely affected by ozone exposure. Ozone can trigger asthma attacks and worsen symptoms, making it a more critical concern for those with asthma.

Choice B reason:

Mitral valve disease affects the heart’s mitral valve and can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue. While air pollution can impact cardiovascular health, ozone specifically poses a greater risk to individuals with respiratory conditions like asthma rather than those with mitral valve disease.

Choice C reason:

Nasal polyps are noncancerous growths in the nasal passages or sinuses that can cause breathing difficulties and chronic sinus infections. Although air pollutants can irritate the nasal passages, individuals with asthma are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of ozone, which can exacerbate their respiratory symptoms.

Choice D reason:

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing. Ozone exposure can significantly worsen asthma symptoms, trigger asthma attacks, and reduce lung function. Therefore, individuals with asthma are especially vulnerable to the effects of ozone.