A nurse is providing education regarding biologic threats. When discussing anthrax, which of the following should be included as potential portals of entry? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Central nervous system

Integumentary system

Respiratory system

Renal system

Gastrointestinal system

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

Choice A reason:

The central nervous system is not a common portal of entry for anthrax. Anthrax primarily enters the body through the skin, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract. While it can affect the central nervous system if it spreads, it is not a primary entry point.

Choice B reason:

The integumentary system, or skin, is a common portal of entry for anthrax. Cutaneous anthrax occurs when Bacillus anthracis spores enter the body through a cut or abrasion on the skin. This form of anthrax is characterized by a localized infection that can develop into a painless ulcer with a black center.

Choice C reason:

The respiratory system is another primary portal of entry for anthrax. Inhalation anthrax occurs when spores are inhaled into the lungs. This form of anthrax is particularly dangerous and can lead to severe respiratory distress and systemic infection if not treated promptly.

Choice D reason:

The renal system is not a typical portal of entry for anthrax. While anthrax can affect multiple organ systems if it becomes systemic, it does not enter the body through the kidneys or urinary tract.

Choice E reason:

The gastrointestinal system is a potential portal of entry for anthrax. Gastrointestinal anthrax occurs when spores are ingested, typically through contaminated food or water. This form of anthrax can cause severe gastrointestinal symptoms and systemic infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Chewing the tablet before swallowing is not the correct method of administration for Sumatriptan (Imitrex) tablets. These tablets are designed to be swallowed whole. Chewing them could affect the medication’s efficacy and absorption.

Choice B reason:

“If you experience chest pain, call your physician immediately.” This instruction is crucial because Sumatriptan can cause serious cardiovascular side effects, including chest pain, which may indicate a heart attack or other serious condition. Clients need to be aware of this potential side effect and seek immediate medical attention if it occurs.

Choice C reason:

Taking Sumatriptan daily to prevent headaches is incorrect. Sumatriptan is used to treat acute migraine attacks and is not intended for daily use as a preventive medication. Using it daily could lead to medication overuse headaches and other adverse effects.

Choice D reason:

“Repeat dose in 1 hour for unrelieved headache” is partially correct but incomplete. The correct instruction is to repeat the dose after 2 hours if the headache is not relieved, up to a maximum of two doses in 24 hours. Clients should follow the specific dosing instructions provided by their healthcare provider.

A. “It’s not unusual to feel that way at first, but once you learn the routine, you’ll enjoy it.” B. “Diet and exercise are good for you and good for your heart.” C. “Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely.” D. “Your doctor is the expert here, and I’m sure they would only recommend what is best for you.”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

“It’s not unusual to feel that way at first, but once you learn the routine, you’ll enjoy it.” While this response acknowledges the client’s feelings, it does not provide specific information about the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The client needs to understand how rehabilitation can help them recover and improve their quality of life.

Choice B reason:

“Diet and exercise are good for you and good for your heart.” This statement is true but too general. It does not address the client’s specific concerns about the purpose and benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The client needs more detailed information about how the program can help them.

Choice C reason:

“Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely.” This response directly addresses the client’s concerns and provides clear information about the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. It explains that while the damage cannot be reversed, rehabilitation can help the client regain strength, improve cardiovascular health, and safely return to their daily activities.

Choice D reason:

“Your doctor is the expert here, and I’m sure they would only recommend what is best for you.” While this statement supports the doctor’s recommendation, it does not provide the client with specific information about the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The client needs to understand how the program can help them personally.

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A nurse is providing education regarding biologic threats. When discussing anthrax, which of the following should be included as potential portals of entry? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Sumatriptan (Imitrex) tablets to treat migraine headaches. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who questions the need for cardiac rehabilitation, stating, “My heart is permanently damaged from the heart attack, so what’s the point of cardiac rehabilitation?” Which response should the nurse prioritize?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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