The nurse is monitoring a patient who underwent a bone marrow aspiration. What is the most critical complication to assess for during the post-procedure period?
Increased appetite and thirst
Mild fatigue and drowsiness
Shortness of breath and chest pain
Slight redness and swelling at the site
The Correct Answer is C
The most critical complication to assess for after a bone marrow aspiration is the development of respiratory distress, shortness of breath, or chest pain, as these symptoms may indicate the occurrence of a pneumothorax, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.
a. Increased appetite and thirst are not typically associated with complications of bone marrow aspiration.
b. Mild fatigue and drowsiness are common post-procedure effects and do not require immediate concern.
d. Slight redness and swelling at the site are expected after the procedure and are not indicative of a critical complication.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Bone marrow aspiration is typically performed with local anesthesia or intravenous sedation, not general anesthesia. General anesthesia is not commonly used for this procedure.
a. Bone marrow aspiration is used to diagnose various hematological conditions, including anemia, so this statement is accurate.
b. Fasting before the procedure is necessary to reduce the risk of aspiration during the procedure and is an appropriate instruction.
d. Bone marrow aspiration can be performed from various sites, including the sternum, iliac crest, or other bones, so this statement is accurate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Infection at the needle insertion site is the most common complication associated with bone marrow aspiration. Patients are at risk of developing infections at the site where the needle was inserted into the bone marrow cavity.
b. Excessive bleeding during the procedure is a risk, but it is not the most common complication.
c. Formation of blood clots in the bone marrow is not a typical complication of bone marrow aspiration.
d. Development of bone fractures is not a common complication of the procedure. The needle used is usually very thin and does not cause fractures.
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