The nurse is obtaining the admission history for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which subjective data reported by the client supports this disease process?

Severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea after eating spicy foods.

B Frequent use of chewable and liquid antacids for indigestion.

Upper mid abdominal pain described as gnawing and burning.

Marked loss of weight and appetite over the last 3 or 4 months.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Peptic ulcer disease involves the formation of open sores in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum. The characteristic symptom of PUD is abdominal pain, typically located in the upper mid abdomen. This pain is often described as gnawing, burning, or aching in nature. The pain may occur shortly after eating, especially when the stomach is empty (gastric ulcer), or it may occur 2-3 hours after eating, typically at night (duodenal ulcer).
A. describes symptoms more suggestive of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or gastrointestinal sensitivity to spicy foods, leading to cramps and diarrhea, but it is less specific to PUD.
B. indicates frequent use of antacids for indigestion, which may suggest symptoms of acid reflux or gastritis but do not specifically point to the presence of peptic ulcers.
D. suggests more severe systemic issues such as malignancy or chronic diseases rather than solely PUD.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial infection of the meninges (the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. It is characterized by symptoms such as severe headache, fever, nuchal rigidity (stiff neck), and a petechial rash on the skin. The petechial rash is a distinguishing feature of meningococcal meningitis and is caused by bleeding into the skin due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with the infection.
B. A cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as a stroke, occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, leading to tissue damage and neurological deficits. While a stroke can cause symptoms such as headache and neurological deficits, it typically does not present with fever, nuchal rigidity, or a petechial rash.

C. Intracerebral hemorrhage is bleeding within the brain tissue, often due to the rupture of a blood vessel. It can cause symptoms such as headache, neurological deficits, and alterations in consciousness, but it typically does not present with fever, nuchal rigidity, or a petechial rash.
D. Rocky mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium. While RMSF can present with fever and rash, it typically does not present with nuchal rigidity, and the petechial rash associated with RMSF tends to start on the extremities rather than the arms and legs.

A. Outflow obstruction. B. Exit site infection. C. Atelectasis D. Peritonitis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site are classic signs of an exit site infection in peritoneal dialysis. Exit site infections are a common complication of peritoneal dialysis and can lead to more serious complications, such as peritonitis, if not promptly treated. Preventing exit site infections through proper catheter care and hygiene is essential in peritoneal dialysis management.
A. While outflow obstruction can occur in peritoneal dialysis, it typically presents with symptoms such as poor drainage of dialysate fluid, abdominal discomfort, and a decrease in dialysis efficiency. The described findings of redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site are more indicative of a localized issue rather than outflow obstruction.
C. Atelectasis refers to the collapse of a part or the entire lung. While it can occur in hospitalized patients, especially those with underlying respiratory conditions, the described findings are not indicative of atelectasis. Atelectasis typically presents with symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and decreased breath sounds on auscultation.
D. Peritonitis is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis characterized by inflammation and infection of the peritoneal lining. While redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site may precede peritonitis, the focus of concern in this scenario is primarily on preventing exit site infection, which, if left untreated, can progress to peritonitis.

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The nurse is obtaining the admission history for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which subjective data reported by the client supports this disease process?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client presents with the onset of a severe headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, and a petechial rash on arms and legs. The nurse recognizes the client is exhibiting symptoms of which condition?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis exhibits redness, tenderness, and drainage around the catheter site on the abdominal wall. While planning care, the nurse is most concerned about preventing which complication related to these findings?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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