The nurse is performing an assessment of the clients lungs. The nurse recognizes that the left lung:

Consists of two lobes.

Primarily consists of an upper lobe on the posterior chest.

Is shorter than the right lung because of the underlying stomach.

is divided by the horizontal fissure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Consists of two lobes.

This statement is correct. The left lung consists of two lobes: the upper lobe and the lower lobe. The right lung, not the left lung, has three lobes: upper, middle, and lower lobes.

B. Primarily consists of an upper lobe on the posterior chest.

This statement is not accurate. The upper lobe of the left lung is present in the anterior and posterior parts of the chest. It is not limited to the posterior chest.

C. Is shorter than the right lung because of the underlying stomach.

This statement is not correct. The left lung is not shorter due to the underlying stomach. The left lung is slightly smaller than the right lung to accommodate the space for the heart, but this size difference is not due to the stomach.

D. Is divided by the horizontal fissure.

This statement is not accurate. The left lung is not divided by the horizontal fissure. The horizontal fissure is a feature of the right lung, not the left lung. The left lung is divided by the oblique fissure into the upper and lower lobes

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. VI

Cranial Nerve VI is the Abducent Nerve, which controls the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, allowing the eye to move laterally (abduct). Dysfunction of this nerve can cause difficulty in moving the eye outward.

B. V

Cranial Nerve V is the Trigeminal Nerve. It has both sensory and motor functions. Sensory functions include providing sensation to the face, sinuses, and teeth. Motor functions include controlling the muscles used for chewing (mastication).

C. II

Cranial Nerve II is the Optic Nerve. It is purely a sensory nerve responsible for vision. The optic nerve carries visual information from the retina of the eye to the brain.

D. III

Cranial Nerve III is the Oculomotor Nerve. It is primarily a motor nerve but also has some autonomic functions. It controls most of the eye movements (except lateral movement controlled by VI) and regulates the size of the pupil and the shape of the lens in the eye for focusing.

A. The third heart sound (S3) B. A friction rub C. The fourth heart sound (S4) D. A split second heart sound S2

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The third heart sound (S3):

The third heart sound (S3) is an abnormal heart sound that occurs during early diastole, immediately after S2 (the second heart sound). It is caused by the rapid filling of the ventricles and is often associated with conditions like heart failure. In heart failure, the ventricles become stiff, causing vibrations that produce the S3 sound.

B. A friction rub:

A friction rub is a high-pitched, scratchy sound heard during both systole and diastole. It is caused by the rubbing together of inflamed pericardial layers (pericarditis) and is usually heard best at the left lower sternal border. Friction rubs can indicate pericardial inflammation and are often heard in conditions such as pericarditis or after a myocardial infarction.

C. The fourth heart sound (S4):

The fourth heart sound (S4) occurs late in diastole, just before S1, and is caused by atrial contraction. It is associated with increased resistance to ventricular filling, often due to conditions like hypertension or aortic stenosis. The S4 sound is heard as a low-pitched "atrial gallop."

D. A split second heart sound S2:

The second heart sound (S2) represents the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. Normally, S2 has two components: A2 (aortic valve closure) and P2 (pulmonic valve closure). A split S2 occurs when A2 and P2 do not close simultaneously. A physiological split S2 is common during inspiration and occurs due to delayed closure of the pulmonic valve. An abnormal or fixed split S2 can indicate underlying heart conditions such as atrial septal defect (ASD) or right bundle branch block (RBBB).

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The nurse is performing an assessment of the clients lungs. The nurse recognizes that the left lung:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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