The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who has a now prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse plan to include in the discharge teaching?
Provide information on increasing medication dosage If ketoacidosis occurs.
Teach the client self-injection skills for daily subcutaneous administration.
Demonstrate how to select dose based on before meal blood sugar readings.
Explain to the family how to inject this medication for severe hypoglycemia.
The Correct Answer is B
A) Provide information on increasing medication dosage if ketoacidosis occurs: While it is important for clients with diabetes to understand the signs and symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and how to respond, increasing insulin dosage on their own without healthcare provider guidance could be dangerous. Adjusting insulin dosage should always be done under the direction of a healthcare provider.
B) Teach the client self-injection skills for daily subcutaneous administration: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin used for basal (background) insulin coverage in clients with diabetes. Teaching the client how to self-administer insulin injections is essential for effective management of diabetes, especially when using long-acting insulin formulations like insulin glargine. Proper injection technique, site rotation, and storage of insulin are important aspects of this teaching.
C) Demonstrate how to select dose based on before meal blood sugar readings: Insulin glargine is typically administered once daily at the same time each day and is not adjusted based on before meal blood sugar readings. Instead, it provides a steady level of insulin over 24 hours to help control blood sugar levels between meals and overnight.
D) Explain to the family how to inject this medication for severe hypoglycemia: Insulin glargine is not used for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia. Instead, it is a long-acting insulin used to maintain basal insulin levels in clients with diabetes. Severe hypoglycemia is treated with fast-acting glucose sources such as oral glucose tablets, gel, or glucagon injections, and the family should be educated on these treatments instead.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Sensitivity to the sun can develop: St. John's wo’t can increase photosensitivity, making the skin more prone to sunburn. Therefore, clients should be advised to use sunscreen and protective clothing when exposed to sunlight.
B) Hard candy can be used for a dry mouth: Dry mouth is a common side effect of St. John's wo’t. Suggesting the use of hard candy can help alleviate the discomfort associated with dry mouth by stimulating saliva production.
C) Insomnia may occur while taking the medication: St. John's wo’t may cause insomnia or exacerbate existing sleep disturbances. Clients should be informed about this potential side effect so they can monitor their sleep patterns and seek appropriate management if needed.
D) Another form of contraception is not needed: This statement requires further instruction. St. John's wo’t can decrease the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives, including birth control pills, patches, and rings. Therefore, clients using hormonal contraceptives should be advised to use additional or alternative methods of contraception to prevent unintended pregnancy.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Taking ferrous sulfate elixir with a glass of milk is not recommended because milk can interfere with the absorption of iron. Iron absorption is enhanced in an acidic environment, and milk's ca’cium content can inhibit this process.
B) Using a straw to ingest the ferrous sulfate elixir is advisable because it can help minimize contact between the medication and the teeth, reducing the risk of staining. Iron supplements can cause discoloration of the teeth, and using a straw directs the liquid towards the back of the mouth, bypassing the teeth.
C) Swallowing ferrous sulfate elixir undiluted is the usual method of administration; however, doing so may increase the risk of staining the teeth due to direct contact with the oral mucosa and teeth. It is important to follow the healthcare provider's in’tructions regarding dosage and administration.
D) Mixing ferrous sulfate elixir with an antacid is generally not recommended unless specifically directed by the healthcare provider. Antacids containing calcium or magnesium can bind to iron, forming complexes that are poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing the effectiveness of iron supplementation.
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