The nurse is planning preoperative care for a client who has a fractured wrist. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

Choice A reason:

Lightheadedness is generally not an indication of effective treatment for dehydration. It is often a symptom of dehydration itself, as it can result from decreased blood volume and reduced blood flow to the brain. Effective rehydration should alleviate symptoms like lightheadedness, not present as an indication of it.

Choice B reason:

Decreased pulse pressure may indicate a drop in the volume of blood circulating through the body, which is not a sign of effective rehydration. Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings, and a narrow pulse pressure can be a sign of hypovolemia, or low blood volume, often due to dehydration.

Choice C reason:

Urine output of 75 mL in 1 hr can be considered within the normal range of urine output for an adult, which is typically about 0.5 to 1 mL/kg/hr⁵. This indicates that the kidneys are functioning and the body is excreting waste, suggesting effective rehydration.

Choice D reason:

A urine specific gravity of 1.038 is higher than the normal range of 1.005 to 1.030[^10^]. This indicates concentrated urine, which is commonly seen in dehydration as the body attempts to conserve water. Therefore, this is not an indication of effective treatment for dehydration.

Choice A reason:
Bradycardia, or a heart rate that is slower than normal, is not a common finding in anemia. Anemia typically results in a compensatory increase in heart rate, known as tachycardia, to maintain adequate oxygen delivery to tissues.

Choice B reason:
Diarrhea is not a direct symptom of anemia. While it can be a postoperative complication due to various reasons, such as medication side effects or infections, it is not a symptom associated with anemia resulting from excess blood loss.

Choice C reason:
Fatigue is a hallmark symptom of anemia, regardless of the cause. When anemia is due to excess blood loss, the body's oxygen-carrying capacity is diminished due to the reduced number of red blood cells. This leads to fatigue, as tissues and organs receive less oxygen than is needed for optimal function.

Choice D reason:
Hypertension is not typically associated with anemia. In fact, anemia can sometimes lead to hypotension, or low blood pressure, because of the reduced volume of red blood cells in the circulatory system.