The nurse is planning to teach a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about substances to avoid. Which items would the nurse include on this list? (Select all that apply)

Coffee.

Chocolate.

Peppermint.

Nonfat milk.

Fried chicken.

Scrambled eggs.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

Choice A reason: Coffee, caffeinated or decaf, relaxes the esophageal sphincter and irritates the mucosa, worsening GERD. This aligns with dietary restrictions, making it a correct substance the nurse would teach the client to avoid to prevent GERD symptom exacerbation.

Choice B reason: Chocolate contains methylxanthines and fat, relaxing the esophageal sphincter and triggering GERD symptoms. This aligns with GERD dietary guidelines, making it a correct item the nurse would include for the client to avoid to reduce reflux.

Choice C reason: Peppermint relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing acid reflux in GERD. This aligns with dietary teaching, making it a correct substance the nurse would advise the client to avoid to minimize GERD symptom flare-ups effectively.

Choice D reason: Nonfat milk is less likely to trigger GERD, as high-fat dairy worsens reflux. Coffee is a stronger trigger, making this incorrect, as it’s not a primary substance the nurse would include on the GERD avoidance list.

Choice E reason: Fried chicken, high in fat, delays gastric emptying and exacerbates GERD symptoms. This aligns with dietary restrictions, making it a correct item the nurse would teach the client to avoid to prevent GERD symptom exacerbation.

Choice F reason: Scrambled eggs are low-fat and unlikely to trigger GERD compared to chocolate or coffee. This is incorrect, as it’s not a primary substance the nurse would include on the list of items to avoid for GERD management.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Supplemental oxygen is unnecessary with a normal respiratory rate (16) and stable vitals. Maintaining the collar prevents spinal injury, making this incorrect, as it’s not indicated compared to the nurse’s priority of ensuring spinal stability in a client with a fall history.

Choice B reason: Morphine for pain is premature without confirming spinal stability, as it may mask symptoms. Keeping the collar in place is critical, making this incorrect, as it risks missing neurological changes in the nurse’s care of a potential spinal injury client.

Choice C reason: Keeping the hard collar in place until cleared by imaging prevents worsening of potential spinal injury after a trampoline fall. This aligns with trauma care protocols, making it the correct action for the nurse to take to ensure the client’s safety and stability.

Choice D reason: Methylprednisolone is used for confirmed spinal cord injury, not suspected cases without imaging. Maintaining the collar is the priority, making this incorrect, as it’s premature compared to the nurse’s focus on spinal precautions in a client with numbness and tingling.

A. Increased urine output. B. Persistent diarrhea. C. Hypotension. D. Tachycardia.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Increased urine output is not typical in untreated hypothyroidism, which slows metabolism and fluid balance. Hypotension from reduced cardiac output is expected, making this incorrect, as it doesn’t align with the nurse’s anticipated findings in a client non-compliant with hypothyroidism therapy.

Choice B reason: Persistent diarrhea is more associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism, which causes constipation. Hypotension is a common finding in untreated hypothyroidism, making this incorrect, as it contradicts the expected symptoms in the nurse’s assessment of the non-compliant client.

Choice C reason: Hypotension is expected in untreated hypothyroidism due to decreased metabolic rate and cardiac output. This aligns with endocrine assessment findings, making it the correct finding the nurse would anticipate in a client who hasn’t taken thyroid replacement medication regularly.

Choice D reason: Tachycardia is typical in hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism, which causes bradycardia. Hypotension is more consistent with untreated hypothyroidism, making this incorrect, as it doesn’t reflect the slowed metabolism expected in the nurse’s evaluation of the non-compliant client.

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The nurse is planning to teach a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about substances to avoid. Which items would the nurse include on this list? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A home health nurse is assessing a client who requires lifelong replacement hormone therapy for hypothyroidism. The client has not been taking his medication regularly. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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