The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client taking a prescribed diuretic for edema in the lower extremities. Which instruction should the nurse include in this teaching plan?

Take the diuretic every day, regardless of weight loss or muscle weakness.

Weigh yourself daily at the same time and report excessive weight loss.

Limit fluid intake while taking the diuretic to reduce fluid retention.

Stop taking the medication when the edema in the lower extremities subsides.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Diuretics can cause electrolyte imbalances and dehydration, leading to muscle weakness. The patient should report any signs of muscle weakness to the healthcare provider.
B.   Weight is a good indicator of fluid loss. Monitoring daily weight and reporting excessive weight loss helps to evaluate the effectiveness of the diuretic and detect potential complications.
C.   Limiting fluid intake while on a diuretic can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Adequate fluid intake is essential.
D.   Diuretics are often prescribed for long-term management of edema. The patient should not stop taking the medication without consulting the healthcare provider.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This action is typically used in the treatment of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), not hypokalemia. The combination of glucose and insulin is used to temporarily drive potassium into cells and lower serum potassium levels. For severe hypokalemia, the priority is to administer potassium replacement therapy rather than attempting to lower potassium levels, as the client needs to correct the deficiency.
B. Severe hypokalemia requires prompt correction to prevent complications. Potassium replacement should be administered according to healthcare provider orders. This may involve oral or intravenous potassium supplements, depending on the severity of the hypokalemia and the client's condition. Informing the healthcare provider is essential for ensuring that appropriate and timely treatment is provided.
C. While increasing potassium intake through diet is important for managing mild cases of hypokalemia, a serum potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L is severe and likely requires immediate medical intervention. Dietary changes alone are insufficient and not timely enough to address such a critical deficiency.
D. Monitoring urinary output is important in managing electrolyte imbalances to assess kidney function and fluid balance, but it is not the primary intervention for severe hypokalemia. The immediate priority is to address the low potassium level through appropriate replacement therapy.

A. Ensure the IV solution is infusing at the prescribed rate. B. Listen to lung sounds. C. Notify the healthcare provider of the findings. D. Check under the back for evidence of bleeding.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ensuring that the IV solution is infusing at the prescribed rate is an important task to maintain adequate fluid and electrolyte balance, especially if the client is experiencing signs of shock or low blood pressure. However, this action alone does not address the immediate need to assess or intervene for potential critical issues such as bleeding or severe hemodynamic instability.
B. Listening to lung sounds can help assess for pulmonary complications, such as fluid accumulation or atelectasis, which can be relevant postoperatively. However, in the context of hypotension, tachycardia, and altered mental status, the priority is to address potential critical issues related to circulatory stability and bleeding.
C. It is essential to inform the healthcare provider of the client's condition, but this should be done after initial interventions to stabilize the client. This action is necessary but not the first priority.
D. The first action should be to check for any signs of bleeding, especially after abdominal surgery where internal bleeding is a possibility.

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The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client taking a prescribed diuretic for edema in the lower extremities. Which instruction should the nurse include in this teaching plan?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client's laboratory results indicate that the serum potassium level is 2.5 mEq/L (2.5 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take? Reference Range: Potassium (K+) [3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L)]

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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