The nurse is prepping a client for a trip to the operating room. The nurse anticipates that the physician will order which IV fluid?

10% Dextrose

3% NaCl

Lactated Ringer’s

0.45% NaCl

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: 10% Dextrose is a hypertonic solution used for caloric supplementation or hypoglycemia treatment. It can cause hyperglycemia and fluid shifts, making it unsuitable for routine preoperative hydration. Surgical patients need balanced electrolyte solutions to replace fluid losses and maintain homeostasis, which 10% dextrose does not provide effectively.

Choice B reason: 3% NaCl, a hypertonic saline, is used for severe hyponatremia or cerebral edema. It risks causing hypernatremia and fluid overload if not carefully monitored. Preoperative patients typically require isotonic fluids to maintain electrolyte balance and hydration, making 3% NaCl inappropriate for standard surgical preparation.

Choice C reason: Lactated Ringer’s is an isotonic solution containing electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium, closely mimicking plasma. It is ideal for preoperative hydration, as it replaces fluid losses, maintains electrolyte balance, and supports hemodynamic stability during surgery. Its balanced composition makes it the standard choice for surgical patients.

Choice D reason: 0.45% NaCl, a hypotonic solution, is used for maintenance hydration or hypernatremia correction. It provides less sodium than needed for surgical fluid replacement and may cause hyponatremia or fluid shifts. Isotonic fluids like Lactated Ringer’s are preferred preoperatively to ensure electrolyte stability and adequate hydration.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fluid volume deficit, or hypovolemia, involves decreased fluid volume, causing symptoms like dehydration and hypotension. Heart failure leads to fluid retention due to poor cardiac output, resulting in edema and lung crackles, which are signs of fluid overload, not deficit, making this an incorrect diagnosis.

Choice B reason: Fluid volume excess, or hypervolemia, occurs in heart failure when the heart’s reduced pumping capacity causes fluid backup, leading to edema and pulmonary congestion (crackles). This matches the client’s symptoms, as ineffective cardiac output increases venous pressure, causing fluid to accumulate in tissues and lungs.

Choice C reason: Myocardial infarction is a heart attack caused by coronary artery occlusion, leading to myocardial ischemia. While it can cause heart failure, the client’s symptoms of edema and crackles specifically indicate fluid volume excess due to heart failure, not the acute event of infarction itself.

Choice D reason: Atelectasis is lung collapse due to airway obstruction or compression, causing reduced breath sounds, not crackles. Heart failure’s pulmonary edema causes coarse crackles due to fluid in alveoli. Atelectasis does not explain the client’s edema or fluid-related symptoms, making it an incorrect choice.

A. The nurse shows the best positions to hold the newborn while feeding B. The nurse explains the steps of warming a bottle C. The nurse has both parents demonstrate changing a diaper D. The nurse asks the clients their views on breastfeeding

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Showing positions for holding a newborn addresses the psychomotor domain, teaching physical skills. The affective domain involves emotions and attitudes, not physical techniques. This action helps parents learn how to feed but does not explore their feelings or beliefs, which is the focus of affective learning.

Choice B reason: Explaining bottle-warming steps targets the cognitive domain, focusing on knowledge and procedure. It does not address emotions or attitudes, which are central to the affective domain. This action provides technical understanding but does not engage the parents’ feelings or values about newborn care.

Choice C reason: Having parents demonstrate diaper changing is a psychomotor activity, emphasizing skill acquisition. The affective domain involves feelings and attitudes, not physical tasks. While this builds confidence, it does not directly address emotional engagement or beliefs, which are necessary for affective learning in this context.

Choice D reason: Asking about breastfeeding views targets the affective domain by exploring parents’ emotions, beliefs, and attitudes. This encourages reflection on personal values, fostering emotional engagement with newborn care. Addressing these feelings helps build confidence and commitment, aligning with affective learning goals in nursing education.

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The nurse is prepping a client for a trip to the operating room. The nurse anticipates that the physician will order which IV fluid?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client is admitted to the nurse’s unit with a diagnosis of heart failure. His heart is not pumping effectively, resulting in edema and coarse crackles in his lungs. The term for this condition is?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

indicate the nurse is addressing the affective domain of learning?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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As the nurse assesses a client’s blood pressure, the patient’s wrist severely flexes inward. The nurse questions the client’s response because this finding may indicate what condition?

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