The nurse is providing care for several clients at risk for acid-base imbalance. Which client has the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis?

A 58-year-old client who uses antacids every day

A 48-year-old client with an anxiety disorder

A 68-year-old client with chronic lung disease

A 28-year-old client with salicylate intoxication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A 58-year-old client who uses antacids every day: Antacids primarily affect gastric acid levels and are not typically associated with respiratory acidosis. They might affect metabolic balance but not respiratory acidosis.
B. A 48-year-old client with an anxiety disorder: Anxiety disorders are more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, not respiratory acidosis.
C. A 68-year-old client with chronic lung disease: This is the correct choice because chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), often impair CO2 elimination, leading to respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.
D. A 28-year-old client with salicylate intoxication: Salicylate intoxication is often associated with metabolic acidosis, and initially, it can cause respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, rather than respiratory acidosis.

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Reddish streak proximal to the insertion site: This indicates phlebitis, not infiltration.
B. Skin is pale and taut: This indicates infiltration as fluid accumulates in the surrounding tissue, causing the skin to appear pale and tight.
C. The vein is firm and cord-like: This is typically a sign of phlebitis or thrombophlebitis, not infiltration.
D. IV fluid leaking from insertion site: This is a sign of infiltration where fluid has leaked out of the vein into the surrounding tissue.
E. Warmth at the insertion site: This can indicate infiltration or inflammation, depending on other symptoms present.

A. Muscle cramps B. Bradycardia C. Concentrated urine D. Tachycardia E. Increased thirst

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Muscle cramps: Muscle cramps can occur due to electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium, which are common in states of dehydration and fluid imbalance.
B. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is not typically associated with dehydration or fluid imbalance. Dehydration usually causes an increase in heart rate (tachycardia) as the body tries to maintain adequate circulation.
C. Concentrated urine: Concentrated urine is a common sign of dehydration as the kidneys conserve water, leading to reduced urine output and higher urine concentration.
D. Tachycardia: Tachycardia is a compensatory mechanism in response to decreased fluid volume, as the heart pumps faster to maintain adequate blood flow and blood pressure.
E. Increased thirst: Increased thirst is a natural response to dehydration as the body signals the need for more fluid intake to correct the fluid imbalance.

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The nurse is providing care for several clients at risk for acid-base imbalance. Which client has the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following assessment findings should alert the nurse that a client's IV has infiltrated? (Select All That Apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

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