The nurse is providing care for several clients at risk for acid-base imbalance. Which client has the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis?

A 58-year-old client who uses antacids every day

A 48-year-old client with an anxiety disorder

A 68-year-old client with chronic lung disease

A 28-year-old client with salicylate intoxication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A 58-year-old client who uses antacids every day: Antacids primarily affect gastric acid levels and are not typically associated with respiratory acidosis. They might affect metabolic balance but not respiratory acidosis.
B. A 48-year-old client with an anxiety disorder: Anxiety disorders are more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, not respiratory acidosis.
C. A 68-year-old client with chronic lung disease: This is the correct choice because chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), often impair CO2 elimination, leading to respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.
D. A 28-year-old client with salicylate intoxication: Salicylate intoxication is often associated with metabolic acidosis, and initially, it can cause respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, rather than respiratory acidosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administer 10% sodium chloride via rapid infusion: Rapid infusion of high concentrations of sodium chloride can be dangerous and is not the standard treatment for severe hyponatremia.
B. Administer intranasal antidiuretic hormone: This would not be appropriate for correcting severe hyponatremia and could potentially worsen the condition.
C. Encourage oral fluid intake: For severe hyponatremia, oral fluid intake might not be sufficient and could exacerbate the condition if there is fluid overload.
D. Place the client on seizure precautions: This is the correct choice. Severe hyponatremia (sodium < 120 mEq/L) can lead to neurological symptoms and seizures, so implementing seizure precautions is crucial for safety.

A. "Maybe you are more depressed than you realize. Would you like to talk about it?" B. "Depression is often a factor in pain. Treating the depression helps treat the pain." C. "Why don't you try it for a while, and if you don't feel better, you can ask your doctor if you can stop it?" D. "Antidepressants are sometimes used to manage the type of nerve pain you are experiencing."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Maybe you are more depressed than you realize. Would you like to talk about it?": This response may dismiss the client's concerns and assumes depression without explaining the rationale for the medication.
B. "Depression is often a factor in pain. Treating the depression helps treat the pain.": While this may be true, it might not address the specific rationale for the antidepressant in managing nerve pain.
C. "Why don't you try it for a while, and if you don't feel better, you can ask your doctor if you can stop it?": This response lacks an explanation and may not address the client’s concerns about why the medication was prescribed.
D. "Antidepressants are sometimes used to manage the type of nerve pain you are experiencing.": This is the correct choice. It directly addresses the use of antidepressants for managing neuropathic pain, which can be effective even in the absence of depression.

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The nurse is providing care for several clients at risk for acid-base imbalance. Which client has the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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