The nurse is providing care for several clients at risk for acid-base imbalance. Which client has the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis?

A 58-year-old client who uses antacids every day

A 48-year-old client with an anxiety disorder

A 68-year-old client with chronic lung disease

A 28-year-old client with salicylate intoxication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A 58-year-old client who uses antacids every day: Antacids primarily affect gastric acid levels and are not typically associated with respiratory acidosis. They might affect metabolic balance but not respiratory acidosis.
B. A 48-year-old client with an anxiety disorder: Anxiety disorders are more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, not respiratory acidosis.
C. A 68-year-old client with chronic lung disease: This is the correct choice because chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), often impair CO2 elimination, leading to respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.
D. A 28-year-old client with salicylate intoxication: Salicylate intoxication is often associated with metabolic acidosis, and initially, it can cause respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, rather than respiratory acidosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Calcium Chloride: This is used to treat hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia.
B. Spironolactone (Aldactone): This is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which does not affect calcium levels.
C. Kayexalate: This is used to treat hyperkalemia, not hypercalcemia.
D. Calcitonin: This is used to lower high serum calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption and increasing calcium excretion.

A. Warfarin (Coumadin) B. Gabapentin (Neurontin) C. Xanax (Alprazolam) D. Atenolol (Tenormin)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Warfarin (Coumadin): This is the correct choice. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that increases the risk of bleeding during and after surgery. The surgeon needs to be notified to consider holding the medication and to adjust the surgical plan if necessary.
B. Gabapentin (Neurontin): While important for pain management, it does not significantly impact surgical procedures or bleeding risk.
C. Xanax (Alprazolam): This medication is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety, which might be relevant for preoperative anxiety but does not require immediate notification of the surgeon.
D. Atenolol (Tenormin): This beta-blocker is used for hypertension and heart conditions but does not require immediate notification of the surgeon unless there are specific cardiac concerns related to surgery.

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The nurse is providing care for several clients at risk for acid-base imbalance. Which client has the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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