The nurse is providing care to several patients in an outpatient clinic. Which patient is at highest risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD)?
A patient who follows a strict vegetarian diet.
A patient who is morbidly obese
A patient who is 6 weeks pregnant.
A patient who drinks a glass of wine monthly.
The Correct Answer is B
Excess body weight, particularly in the abdominal area, can increase intra-abdominal pressure and lead to the weakening of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is responsible for preventing stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. When it becomes weakened, it can contribute to the development of GERD. Other risk factors for GERD include certain dietary choices, such as consuming fatty and spicy foods, smoking, pregnancy, and alcohol consumption.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic medication commonly prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes. It works by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas, which helps lower blood glucose levels. However, there is a risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) with the use of Glipizide.
It is crucial for the client to be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia so that they can take appropriate action if their blood sugar drops too low. These symptoms may include sweating, trembling, dizziness, confusion, weakness, and hunger. By recognizing these signs, the client can promptly address hypoglycemia by consuming a source of fast-acting glucose, such as fruit juice or glucose tablets, as instructed by their healthcare provider.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia that occurs due to a lack of intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) in the digestive system. As a result, patients with pernicious anemia are unable to absorb sufficient amounts of vitamin B12 from dietary sources. The treatment for pernicious anemia involves regular administration of cobalamin (B12) injections to bypass the impaired absorption and provide the necessary vitamin B12 directly.
Oral ferrous sulfate tablets are not the appropriate treatment for pernicious anemia. Ferrous sulfate is a form of iron supplement used to treat iron deficiency anemia, which is different from pernicious anemia.
Iron dextran infusions are also not indicated for pernicious anemia. Iron dextran is used for iron replacement therapy in cases of iron deficiency anemia, but it does not address the underlying issue of vitamin B12 deficiency in pernicious anemia.
Routine blood transfusions may be necessary in some cases of pernicious anemia, especially if the patient is severely anemic. However, the primary treatment for pernicious anemia is cobalamin (B12) injections, which provide the necessary vitamin B12 that the patient is unable to absorb.
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