The nurse is providing education to a client newly diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The nurse knows that the teaching was effective when the client states they should eat which of the following foods?

Chocolate and peppermint candies.

Oatmeal with banana slices.

Spaghetti with tomato sauce.

Cheeseburger with grilled onions.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Chocolate and peppermint can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, worsening GERD symptoms. These should be avoided.
B. Oatmeal with banana slices is a good choice because it is low in fat and acid, which helps prevent GERD symptoms. Bananas are also a non-acidic fruit that is generally well-tolerated.
C. Spaghetti with tomato sauce contains acidic ingredients that can irritate the esophagus and worsen GERD symptoms.
D. A cheeseburger with grilled onions is high in fat, which can delay gastric emptying and increase reflux. Onions are also a known trigger for GERD symptoms.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Ascending muscle weakness is more characteristic of hypokalemia (low potassium levels) rather than hypernatremia.
B. Muscle tetany and hyperreflexia are typically seen in hypocalcemia (low calcium levels) or hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels), not hypernatremia.
C. Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) commonly causes dehydration, which results in poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes. This is a key clinical sign of hypernatremia.
D. Bradycardia and hypotension are more commonly associated with hypovolemia (low blood volume) or hypotension, but they are not specific to hypernatremia.

A. Assessing a client's blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. B. Assessing a client's muscle contractions by tapping on the facial nerve. C. Assessing a client's heart rate using a stethoscope. D. Assessing a client's respiratory rate using a pulse oximeter.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Assessing blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer is unrelated to Chvostek's sign, which specifically evaluates neuromuscular excitability.
B. Chvostek's sign is assessed by tapping the facial nerve near the cheekbone. A positive response, such as twitching of the facial muscles, indicates hypocalcemia or neuromuscular irritability.
C. Assessing heart rate with a stethoscope does not involve evaluating neuromuscular function or calcium levels.
D. Monitoring respiratory rate with a pulse oximeter is unrelated to Chvostek's sign and does not assess neuromuscular excitability.

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The nurse is providing education to a client newly diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The nurse knows that the teaching was effective when the client states they should eat which of the following foods?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which assessment finding is most indicative of hypernatremia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following best describes Chvostek's sign assessment?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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