The nurse is reviewing a client’s record and notes that the primary health care provider has documented that the client has chronic kidney disease. On review of the laboratory results, the nurse most likely would expect to note which finding?

Elevated creatinine level.

Decreased hemoglobin level.

Decreased red blood cell count.

Increased number of white blood cells in the urine.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Elevated creatinine is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease, reflecting reduced glomerular filtration rate. This aligns with renal function assessment, making it the correct finding the nurse would expect in a client with chronic kidney disease based on laboratory results.

Choice B reason: Decreased hemoglobin may occur in chronic kidney disease due to anemia, but it’s less specific than elevated creatinine, a direct renal marker. This is incorrect, as it’s secondary to the nurse’s primary expectation of creatinine elevation in kidney disease.

Choice C reason: Decreased red blood cell count accompanies anemia in kidney disease but is less direct than creatinine, which measures kidney function. This is incorrect, as it’s not the primary finding the nurse would expect compared to elevated creatinine levels.

Choice D reason: Increased white blood cells in urine suggest infection, not a universal finding in chronic kidney disease. Elevated creatinine is more consistent, making this incorrect, as it’s not the nurse’s primary expected lab result in kidney disease assessment.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Octreotide reduces portal hypertension and bleeding in esophageal varices by constricting splanchnic blood flow. This aligns with acute variceal bleed management, making it the correct medication the nurse would expect to be administered to the actively bleeding client.

Choice B reason: Propranolol prevents variceal bleeding long-term but is not used for active bleeding. Octreotide is acute treatment, making this incorrect, as it’s inappropriate for the nurse’s expectation in managing the client’s immediate esophageal variceal hemorrhage.

Choice C reason: Lactulose treats hepatic encephalopathy, not active variceal bleeding. Octreotide controls acute hemorrhage, making this incorrect, as it’s unrelated to the nurse’s priority of administering a medication to stop the client’s esophageal variceal bleeding in the emergency.

Choice D reason: Spironolactone manages ascites in liver disease, not acute variceal bleeding. Octreotide is the treatment for active bleeding, making this incorrect, as it’s irrelevant to the nurse’s expectation for a medication to control the client’s esophageal variceal hemorrhage.

A. Coffee. B. Chocolate. C. Peppermint. D. Nonfat milk. E. Fried chicken. F. Scrambled eggs.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Coffee, caffeinated or decaf, relaxes the esophageal sphincter and irritates the mucosa, worsening GERD. This aligns with dietary restrictions, making it a correct substance the nurse would teach the client to avoid to prevent GERD symptom exacerbation.

Choice B reason: Chocolate contains methylxanthines and fat, relaxing the esophageal sphincter and triggering GERD symptoms. This aligns with GERD dietary guidelines, making it a correct item the nurse would include for the client to avoid to reduce reflux.

Choice C reason: Peppermint relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing acid reflux in GERD. This aligns with dietary teaching, making it a correct substance the nurse would advise the client to avoid to minimize GERD symptom flare-ups effectively.

Choice D reason: Nonfat milk is less likely to trigger GERD, as high-fat dairy worsens reflux. Coffee is a stronger trigger, making this incorrect, as it’s not a primary substance the nurse would include on the GERD avoidance list.

Choice E reason: Fried chicken, high in fat, delays gastric emptying and exacerbates GERD symptoms. This aligns with dietary restrictions, making it a correct item the nurse would teach the client to avoid to prevent GERD symptom exacerbation.

Choice F reason: Scrambled eggs are low-fat and unlikely to trigger GERD compared to chocolate or coffee. This is incorrect, as it’s not a primary substance the nurse would include on the list of items to avoid for GERD management.

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The nurse is reviewing a client’s record and notes that the primary health care provider has documented that the client has chronic kidney disease. On review of the laboratory results, the nurse most likely would expect to note which finding?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is actively bleeding from esophageal varices. Which medication would the nurse most expect to be administered to this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is planning to teach a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about substances to avoid. Which items would the nurse include on this list? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) anticipates which arterial blood gas (ABG) findings?

The laboratory notifies the night nurse that the patient has a critical magnesium level of 1.1 mEq/L. The patient has a do-not-resuscitate order. The nurse does not inform the practitioner because of the patient’s code status. In doing so, the nurse is negligent for which action?

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The nurse is reviewing a client’s record and notes that the primary health care provider has documented that the client has chronic kidney disease. On review of the laboratory results, the nurse most likely would expect to note which finding?

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