The nurse is reviewing lab results for a patient and the white blood cell (WBC) count is elevated at 12,000. Which of the following is a cause of increasing WBC count? (Select all that apply)

Trauma

Hyperglycemia

Infection

Inflammation

Steroid Injection

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A.   Trauma can cause an elevated WBC count as part of the body’s response to injury. The immune system reacts to tissue damage by increasing WBC production to facilitate healing and fight potential infections.
B.   Hyperglycemia itself does not directly cause an elevated WBC count. However, it may be associated with conditions like diabetes, where infections are more common. Therefore, while hyperglycemia can occur concurrently with elevated WBC counts, it is not a direct cause of the increase.
C.   Infection is one of the most common causes of an elevated WBC count. The body responds to infections (bacterial, viral, etc.) by increasing WBC production to help combat the invading pathogens.
D.   Inflammation, whether due to autoimmune conditions, allergies, or other causes, can also lead to an increase in WBC count. The inflammatory process triggers the immune response, resulting in elevated levels of white blood cells.
E.   While steroid injections can influence WBC counts, they often cause a redistribution of white blood cells rather than an increase in production. Corticosteroids can cause a decrease in certain types of white blood cells (like lymphocytes) but may increase neutrophils due to a release from the bone marrow.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A. While it's important for older adults to have regular blood tests to monitor their health, showing expected changes in white blood cell counts is not a specific risk factor for infections.
B. Skin tests for tuberculosis may be falsely negative in older adults due to a weakened immune response.
C. Older adults should stay up-to-date on their vaccinations, including influenza, pneumococcal, and shingles vaccinations, to help protect themselves against these infections.
D. Older adults are at increased risk for respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, and genitourinary infections, such as urinary tract infections.
E. Booster vaccinations are essential for older adults to maintain protection against diseases such as influenza, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.
F. Older adults may not develop a fever in response to a severe infection. This can make it difficult to recognize the presence of an infection.

A. Phenazopyridine B. Phentolamine C. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) D. Pyrazinamide

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This medication is used primarily to relieve urinary tract discomfort and does not have any role in preventing peripheral neuropathy associated with INH. It is not relevant in this context.
B. Phentolamine is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist used to treat hypertension and manage pheochromocytoma. It has no association with preventing peripheral neuropathy related to INH and is not appropriate for this patient.
C. Isoniazid can cause peripheral neuropathy by interfering with the metabolism of pyridoxine (Vitamin B6). Administering pyridoxine can help prevent this side effect by replenishing the vitamin and supporting nerve health.
D. Pyrazinamide is another anti-tuberculosis medication that works alongside INH. While it is effective for tuberculosis, it does not prevent peripheral neuropathy and may even have its own side effects.

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The nurse is reviewing lab results for a patient and the white blood cell (WBC) count is elevated at 12,000. Which of the following is a cause of increasing WBC count? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching an elderly client the risks of infection for older adults. Which of the following factors would the nurse include in the education? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

An RN is caring for a patient with Tuberculosis who is to receive a new prescription for Isoniazid (INH). The nurse knows that INH can cause peripheral neuropathy. To help prevent this from happening, the nurse can ask the provider for:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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