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The nurse is reviewing lab work for a client whose blood CO2 level is elevated. The nurse is most correct to suspect an impairment of which?

A.

Alveoli

B.

The pulmonary artery

C.

The pulmonary vein

D.

Bronchi

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Alveoli: The alveoli are responsible for gas exchange, including the removal of CO₂. Impaired alveolar function leads to CO₂ retention and respiratory acidosis, commonly seen in conditions like COPD or pneumonia.
B. The pulmonary artery: The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs but does not directly participate in gas exchange. Impairment here affects perfusion, not CO₂ elimination.
C. The pulmonary vein: The pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood to the heart and is not involved in gas exchange. Elevated CO₂ is not typically linked to vein function.
D. Bronchi: The bronchi conduct air but do not facilitate gas exchange. While obstruction can contribute to CO₂ retention, the alveoli are primarily responsible for its removal.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis: This condition typically results from excessive acid accumulation or bicarbonate loss, such as in kidney failure or diarrhea. It is not associated with gastric fluid loss via suction.
B. Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis is caused by hypoventilation leading to CO₂ retention. It is unrelated to nasogastric suction and does not reflect the primary concern for this client.
C. Respiratory alkalosis: This occurs due to hyperventilation and excessive loss of CO₂, often from anxiety or pain. It is not a risk in a client with GI fluid loss from suction.
D. Metabolic alkalosis: Nasogastric suction removes hydrochloric acid from the stomach, leading to a loss of hydrogen ions. This results in an increased bicarbonate concentration, predisposing the client to metabolic alkalosis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A grilled chicken sandwich with mayonnaise: While some sodium is present in bread and condiments, grilled chicken and mayonnaise generally contain moderate sodium levels. With portion control and low-sodium ingredients, this can fit into a restricted sodium diet.
B. A hot dog with ketchup: Hot dogs are highly processed and contain high amounts of sodium and preservatives. Ketchup adds even more sodium, making this combination unsuitable for clients on a low sodium diet.
C. A natural fruit salad with nuts: Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium, and unsalted nuts can be included as well. This option is both heart-healthy and supportive of a low sodium dietary plan.
D. A fresh grilled tuna entrée with fresh asparagus: When prepared without canned or pre-seasoned components, fresh tuna and vegetables are low in sodium. This meal provides lean protein and nutrients without excess salt.

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