The nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a female patient and notes a hemoglobin level of 8.2 g/100 mL (12-16) and a hematocrit level of 21% (37% -47%). These levels are found in patients with which condition?

Thyroid disease

Anemia

Acute bronchitis

Hemochromatosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Thyroid disease: While some thyroid diseases may indirectly contribute to anemia, thyroid disease itself does not directly cause low hemoglobin and hematocrit.

B. Anemia: Low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels indicate anemia, which can be caused by various factors, including blood loss, iron deficiency, or chronic disease.

C. Acute bronchitis: Acute bronchitis typically affects respiratory function and does not directly cause a decrease in hemoglobin or hematocrit.

D. Hemochromatosis: Hemochromatosis is characterized by excess iron in the body, often resulting in elevated rather than decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Pulmonary congestion: Pulmonary congestion is associated more with fluid overload or transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), not an acute hemolytic reaction.

B. Urticaria: Urticaria (hives) is more typical of a mild allergic reaction rather than an acute hemolytic reaction.

C. Vomiting: Although nausea and vomiting may occur in various transfusion reactions, it is not specific to an acute hemolytic reaction like low back pain is.

D. Low back pain: Low back pain, often around the kidneys, is a classic sign of an acute hemolytic reaction due to the breakdown of RBCs and the release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream, which can lead to renal damage. This reaction is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.

A. Results indicate the presence of Reed Sternberg cells B. The patient is cyanotic C. The patient is complaining of excessive thirst and hunger D. Results indicate the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Results indicate the presence of Reed Sternberg cells: Reed-Sternberg cells are a defining characteristic of Hodgkin disease, a type of lymphoma. Their presence in biopsy samples confirms the diagnosis, distinguishing Hodgkin disease from other types of lymphomas and leukemias.

B. The patient is cyanotic: Cyanosis, or bluish skin discoloration due to low oxygen levels, is not a common sign of Hodgkin disease. It may occur in advanced disease due to respiratory compromise but is not a defining characteristic.

C. The patient is complaining of excessive thirst and hunger: Excessive thirst and hunger are more characteristic of diabetes mellitus, not Hodgkin disease. These symptoms are unrelated to the lymphatic involvement seen in Hodgkin disease.

D. Results indicate the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome: The Philadelphia chromosome is a genetic abnormality associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), not Hodgkin disease. Its presence suggests a different hematologic malignancy.

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The nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a female patient and notes a hemoglobin level of 8.2 g/100 mL (12-16) and a hematocrit level of 21% (37% -47%). These levels are found in patients with which condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as an indication the client is having an acute hemolytic reaction?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a patient in a family practice clinic. The patient had extensive testing to rule out Hodgkin disease. Which of the following characteristics would indicate Hodgkin disease?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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