The nurse is reviewing the development of the newborn infant. Regarding the sinuses, which statement is true in relation to a newborn infant?
Maxillary sinuses reach full size after puberty.
Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only sinuses present at birth.
Frontal sinuses are fairly well developed at birth.
Sphenoid sinuses are full size at birth.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Maxillary sinuses reach full size after puberty: While maxillary sinuses continue to grow throughout childhood, they are present at birth and reach adult size during late adolescence. The frontal and sphenoid sinuses, rather than the maxillary, experience more significant postnatal development.
B. Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only sinuses present at birth: At birth, only the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are developed. The frontal and sphenoid sinuses begin to develop later in infancy and childhood, with full maturation occurring in adolescence.
C. Frontal sinuses are fairly well developed at birth: Frontal sinuses do not develop until around 7 to 8 years of age and continue growing into adolescence. They are absent or rudimentary in newborns.
D. Sphenoid sinuses are full size at birth: The sphenoid sinuses begin developing around 2 to 3 years of age and continue growing into late childhood and adolescence. They are not present at birth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Whisper a set of random numbers and letters, and then ask the patient to repeat them: The whispered voice test is a simple and reliable screening method for hearing loss. The nurse stands about 2 feet behind the patient, whispers a series of random numbers or letters, and asks the patient to repeat them. This helps assess high-frequency hearing loss.
B. Shield the lips so that the sound is muffled: While the test is performed without the patient seeing the nurse’s lips to prevent lip reading, deliberately muffling the sound is unnecessary and may alter the accuracy of the assessment.
C. Stand approximately 6 feet away to ensure that the patient can really hear at this distance: The whispered voice test is conducted at a standard distance of about 2 feet, not 6 feet. Increasing the distance may make the test unreliable.
D. Ask the patient to place his or her finger in their ears to occlude outside noise: The test should be performed in a quiet environment, but instructing the patient to occlude their ears is unnecessary. Instead, the nurse tests one ear at a time by covering the opposite ear.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Perhaps that could be a result of your dietary intake during pregnancy": This statement does not address the mother's concerns about the soft spot and shifts the focus away from the immediate issue. The soft spot, or fontanelle, is a normal anatomical feature and is not related to maternal dietary intake during pregnancy.
B. "That 'soft spot' may be an indication of cretinism or congenital hypothyroidism": This statement is misleading. While developmental delays can be associated with congenital hypothyroidism, the presence of a soft spot on a 2-month-old’s head is a normal finding, not a direct indication of a metabolic disorder.
C. "That 'soft spot' is normal, and actually allows for growth of the brain during the first year of your baby's life": This response provides accurate information about the anterior fontanelle, which is a normal feature in infants. The fontanelle allows for skull growth as the brain expands during the early months of life. It typically closes by 12-18 months of age.
D. "Your baby may have craniosynostosis, a disease of the sutures of the skull": This statement could cause unnecessary alarm for the mother. Craniosynostosis is a condition where one or more of the sutures in a baby’s skull fuse prematurely, but it would typically present with other signs such as an abnormal head shape. A soft spot on its own does not indicate this condition.
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