The nurse is reviewing the development of the newborn infant. Regarding the sinuses, which statement is true in relation to a newborn infant?

Maxillary sinuses reach full size after puberty.

Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only sinuses present at birth.

Frontal sinuses are fairly well developed at birth.

Sphenoid sinuses are full size at birth.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Maxillary sinuses reach full size after puberty: While maxillary sinuses continue to grow throughout childhood, they are present at birth and reach adult size during late adolescence. The frontal and sphenoid sinuses, rather than the maxillary, experience more significant postnatal development.

B. Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only sinuses present at birth: At birth, only the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are developed. The frontal and sphenoid sinuses begin to develop later in infancy and childhood, with full maturation occurring in adolescence.

C. Frontal sinuses are fairly well developed at birth: Frontal sinuses do not develop until around 7 to 8 years of age and continue growing into adolescence. They are absent or rudimentary in newborns.

D. Sphenoid sinuses are full size at birth: The sphenoid sinuses begin developing around 2 to 3 years of age and continue growing into late childhood and adolescence. They are not present at birth.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Thyroid: The thyroid gland produces thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which are essential hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. An elevated T4 level typically indicates hyperthyroidism or other thyroid disorders, making it necessary to assess the function and health of the thyroid gland.

B. Parathyroid: The parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the blood through the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). They do not produce T4 or directly influence thyroid hormone levels, so assessing the parathyroid glands would not be relevant in the context of elevated T4.

C. Adrenal: The adrenal glands produce hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline. While adrenal function can impact overall hormonal balance in the body, they are not directly involved in the production of thyroxine (T4), making them unrelated to the assessment for elevated T4 levels.

D. Parotid: The parotid glands are major salivary glands that secrete saliva. They do not play a role in thyroid hormone production or regulation, so assessing the parotid glands would not be appropriate when investigating elevated T4 levels.

A. Whisper a set of random numbers and letters, and then ask the patient to repeat them. B. Shield the lips so that the sound is muffled. C. Stand approximately 6 feet away to ensure that the patient can really hear at this distance. D. Ask the patient to place his or her finger in their ears to occlude outside noise.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Whisper a set of random numbers and letters, and then ask the patient to repeat them: The whispered voice test is a simple and reliable screening method for hearing loss. The nurse stands about 2 feet behind the patient, whispers a series of random numbers or letters, and asks the patient to repeat them. This helps assess high-frequency hearing loss.

B. Shield the lips so that the sound is muffled: While the test is performed without the patient seeing the nurse’s lips to prevent lip reading, deliberately muffling the sound is unnecessary and may alter the accuracy of the assessment.

C. Stand approximately 6 feet away to ensure that the patient can really hear at this distance: The whispered voice test is conducted at a standard distance of about 2 feet, not 6 feet. Increasing the distance may make the test unreliable.

D. Ask the patient to place his or her finger in their ears to occlude outside noise: The test should be performed in a quiet environment, but instructing the patient to occlude their ears is unnecessary. Instead, the nurse tests one ear at a time by covering the opposite ear.

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The nurse is reviewing the development of the newborn infant. Regarding the sinuses, which statement is true in relation to a newborn infant?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient's laboratory data reveal an elevated thyroxine (T4) level. What gland should the nurse assess?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

In performing a voice test to assess hearing, which of these actions would the nurse perform?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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