The nurse is taking a health history for a patient who is ill in the emergency room. The patient states that he has not been around anyone that has been sick lately. The nurse suspects the patient likely contracted the illness by indirect transmission. Which is an example of this type of transmission?
Utilizing a friend's computer keyboard.
Talking directly to someone coughing.
Standing next to a person with a varicella (chickenpox) infection.
Walking past an individual coughing and sneezing.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Utilizing a friend's computer keyboard: Indirect transmission occurs when pathogens are transmitted via inanimate objects, such as keyboards, doorknobs, or utensils. If the friend's computer keyboard is contaminated with pathogens, the patient could contract an illness by touching it.
B. Talking directly to someone coughing: This is an example of direct transmission, where pathogens are transmitted through close contact with an infected person's respiratory secretions.
C. Standing next to a person with a varicella (chickenpox) infection: This is an example of direct transmission, as varicella is spread through respiratory droplets.
D. Walking past an individual coughing and sneezing: This is also an example of direct transmission, as respiratory droplets containing pathogens can land on the nurse and lead to infection if inhaled or touched.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Perform hand hygiene before, during, and after direct contact with the client: Hand hygiene is one of the most effective strategies to interrupt the transmission of infections. It helps prevent the spread of pathogens from one person to another, reducing the risk of healthcare-associated infections.
B. Encourage the client to consume a diet high in protein: While proper nutrition is important for overall health and immune function, it does not directly address the transmission of the client's infection.
C. Change the client's bed linens each day: Changing bed linens regularly is important for maintaining cleanliness and comfort but is not sufficient to interrupt the transmission of infection.
D. Place the client in a room with positive pressure airflow: Positive pressure airflow rooms are typically used for patients with compromised immune systems to protect them from airborne pathogens. This strategy is not applicable for all types of infections and may not be necessary for every client with an infection.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Obtain a sputum culture: Obtaining a sputum culture helps identify the causative organism of pneumonia, which guides appropriate antibiotic therapy.
B. Cough and deep breathe every 6 hours: While coughing and deep breathing exercises are important for preventing complications such as atelectasis, they are not specific to pneumonia treatment and may not be appropriate for all patients with pneumonia.
C. Encourage fluid intake of 1500 mL/day: Adequate fluid intake is generally recommended for overall health but is not a specific intervention for pneumonia treatment.
D. Position the client prone: Positioning the client prone is not a standard intervention for pneumonia treatment. Depending on the severity and type of pneumonia, the client's positioning may vary, but prone positioning is not routinely recommended.
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