The nurse is taking health history for a client who reports pain in his lower left leg and foot when walking. The pain is relieved with rest, and the nurse observes the left leg is hairless and slightly edematous. The nurse recognizes this as which medical diagnosis or health problem?

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

Arterial embolus

Raynaud disease

Intermittent claudication

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Coronary artery disease (CAD):

Coronary artery disease primarily affects the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle. Symptoms often include chest pain (angina) rather than pain in the lower extremities. The symptoms described in the scenario are not characteristic of CAD.

B. Arterial embolus:

An arterial embolus is a blood clot or debris that travels through the bloodstream and can block an artery. While it can cause decreased blood flow and pain, the presentation in the lower left leg and foot with relief of pain at rest is more suggestive of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) or intermittent claudication rather than an acute arterial embolus.

C. Raynaud disease:

Raynaud's disease is characterized by episodes of reduced blood flow to the extremities, usually triggered by cold or stress. It typically involves color changes (white, blue, red) in the fingers or toes. The symptoms described, including pain in the lower leg and foot during walking, are not typical of Raynaud's disease.

D. Intermittent claudication:

Intermittent claudication is a symptom associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). It involves pain or cramping in the legs during physical activity, such as walking, due to reduced blood flow to the muscles. Rest typically relieves the pain. The observation of a hairless leg and slight edema suggests potential vascular compromise in the lower extremity, supporting the diagnosis of intermittent claudication.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Retinal Hemorrhage

Uncontrolled hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to retinal hemorrhages. This can result in vision problems and, in severe cases, vision loss.

B. Ventricular Hypertrophy

Uncontrolled hypertension causes the heart to pump against increased resistance, leading to the thickening and enlargement of the left ventricle. Ventricular hypertrophy is a response to the increased workload on the heart and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure.

C. Cerebrovascular Disease

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, including strokes. Elevated blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the brain, increasing the risk of stroke. Strokes can have serious consequences, affecting various neurological functions.

D. Venous Insufficiency

Venous insufficiency is not typically directly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. It is more commonly related to problems with the venous system, such as damaged valves in the veins, leading to poor blood flow back to the heart. While hypertension can affect arteries, venous insufficiency is a distinct condition.

E. Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)

Uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), which are brief episodes of neurological dysfunction caused by temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain. TIAs are often considered warning signs of an increased risk of stroke.

A. The client with a history of a myocardial infarction who has a p wave before every QRS complex. B. The client diagnosed with heart failure who has bilateral 2+ pitting pedal edema. C. The client with sinus bradycardia (HR 56/min) that is reporting fatigue. D. The client diagnosed with coronary artery disease who is now reporting new onset of severe indigestion.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The client with a history of a myocardial infarction who has a p wave before every QRS complex.

This may indicate a heart block, which requires attention. However, it's not an immediate life-threatening situation.

B. The client diagnosed with heart failure who has bilateral 2+ pitting pedal edema.

Bilateral pitting pedal edema is a sign of fluid overload, which is concerning and requires attention.

C. The client with sinus bradycardia (HR 56/min) that is reporting fatigue.

While bradycardia and fatigue are concerns, they might not be as urgent as the client with fluid overload.

D. The client diagnosed with coronary artery disease who is now reporting new onset of severe indigestion.

New onset of severe indigestion in a client with coronary artery disease raises concern for a potential cardiac event, and this should be addressed promptly.

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The nurse is taking health history for a client who reports pain in his lower left leg and foot when walking. The pain is relieved with rest, and the nurse observes the left leg is hairless and slightly edematous. The nurse recognizes this as which medical diagnosis or health problem?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client about some of the health consequences of uncontrolled hypertension. What health problems should the nurse describe. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a team of assigned clients. Which client is a priority for the nurse to check on first?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The nurse is taking health history for a client who reports pain in his lower left leg and foot when walking. The pain is relieved with rest, and the nurse observes the left leg is hairless and slightly edematous. The nurse recognizes this as which medical diagnosis or health problem?

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