The nurse is teaching an in-service program to a group of nurses on the topic of children diagnosed with Kwashiorkor. The nurses in the group make the following statements. Which statement is most accurate related to the diagnosis of Kwashiorkor?

“The highest incidence of this disease is seen in children who are adolescents.”

“The cause of this disease can be treated very simply.”

“It is important to increase the intake of protein for these children.”

“These children have a severe deficiency of vitamin D.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Kwashiorkor primarily affects young children, not adolescents, due to protein deficiency during critical growth periods. Increasing protein intake is the key treatment, making this inaccurate, as it misidentifies the age group most impacted by this nutritional disorder in the in-service discussion.

Choice B reason: Treating Kwashiorkor is complex, requiring gradual protein reintroduction and management of complications, not a simple fix. Increasing protein is central, but the process is intricate, making this incorrect compared to the accurate focus on protein supplementation for recovery in affected children.

Choice C reason: Kwashiorkor results from severe protein deficiency, and increasing protein intake is critical for treatment, restoring growth and tissue repair. This aligns with pediatric nutritional deficiency management, making it the most accurate statement about addressing Kwashiorkor in children during the in-service program.

Choice D reason: Kwashiorkor is caused by protein deficiency, not vitamin D deficiency, which is linked to rickets. Protein supplementation is the primary intervention, making this incorrect, as it misattributes the nutritional cause of Kwashiorkor to a vitamin deficiency in the context of the discussion.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Signing a form to bypass pregnancy testing violates isotretinoin safety protocols, risking fetal harm due to teratogenicity. Encouraging testing ensures compliance, making this unsafe and incorrect compared to addressing the caregiver’s concerns while prioritizing the teen’s safety for acne treatment.

Choice B reason: Speaking to the teen alone respects privacy but doesn’t address the caregiver’s refusal or ensure testing compliance, required for isotretinoin. Encouraging testing with the caregiver’s consent is safer, making this inadequate and incorrect compared to securing agreement for mandatory pregnancy testing.

Choice C reason: Acknowledging the caregiver’s discomfort builds trust while emphasizing the necessity of pregnancy testing for isotretinoin’s safe use, preventing fetal harm. This aligns with pediatric medication safety protocols, making it the best action to ensure the 16-year-old can safely receive acne treatment.

Choice D reason: Testing without caregiver knowledge violates consent and trust, risking legal and ethical issues. Encouraging open discussion ensures compliance, making this unethical and incorrect compared to the nurse’s role in facilitating agreement for required pregnancy testing for the teen’s isotretinoin therapy.

A. Identifying risk factors in families decreases the child’s risk of developing the same conditions or health problems. B. By establishing family behavior, the nurse forces the parents to alter their care of their child and make them healthier. C. The nurse needs to know everything about a family to take care of the child. D. The number of family members that have a certain health problem will help the nurse know if the child will have the same problem.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Family health history identifies genetic and environmental risk factors, enabling preventive measures to reduce the child’s likelihood of developing similar conditions. This aligns with pediatric health assessment goals, making it the correct explanation for gathering family health history data during the clinical encounter.

Choice B reason: Family history does not force parental behavior changes but informs risk assessment. Suggesting coercion is inaccurate, as the goal is prevention through awareness, making this incorrect compared to identifying risk factors as the primary reason for collecting health history from the parents.

Choice C reason: Needing to know “everything” is overly broad and impractical. Family health history specifically targets relevant risk factors for the child’s health, not all family details, making this vague and incorrect for the focused purpose of gathering targeted medical history during the assessment.

Choice D reason: The number of affected family members informs risk but does not definitively predict the child’s health outcomes. Identifying risk factors for prevention is the broader goal, making this too narrow and incorrect for the primary reason for collecting family health history in pediatric care.

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The nurse is teaching an in-service program to a group of nurses on the topic of children diagnosed with Kwashiorkor. The nurses in the group make the following statements. Which statement is most accurate related to the diagnosis of Kwashiorkor?

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse asks the parents of a child about the family health history. The father asks the nurse why she needs this information. The nurse would explain that the family health history is gathered for what reason?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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