The nurse is teaching parents of a newborn recently diagnosed with sickle cell anaemia. Which interventions will the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

Seek medical attention if the newborn has a fever.

Watch out for yellowing of the skin or eyes.

Adhere to the recommended vaccine schedule.

Administer factor VIII replacement as indicated.

Provide oral penicillin V potassium to prevent infection.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

Choice A reason: Seeking medical attention if the newborn has a fever is crucial for children with sickle cell anaemia. Fever can be an early sign of infection, and children with sickle cell anaemia are at a higher risk for infections. Prompt medical evaluation and treatment are necessary to prevent severe complications.

Choice B reason: Watching out for yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) is important because it can indicate homolysis, a common issue in sickle cell anaemia where red blood cells break down rapidly. Identifying jaundice early allows for timely medical intervention to address underlying causes and prevent further complications.

Choice C reason: Adhering to the recommended vaccine schedule is essential for protecting children with sickle cell anaemia from preventable infections. Their immune systems are often compromised, making them more susceptible to infections that vaccines can help prevent.

Choice D reason: Administering factor VIII replacement is not relevant to sickle cell anaemia. Factor VIII replacement is a treatment for haemophilia, a different blood disorder. This intervention is not applicable in the context of sickle cell anaemia education.

Choice E reason: Providing oral penicillin V potassium to prevent infection is a standard recommendation for children with sickle cell anaemia. Daily prophylactic penicillin helps reduce the risk of serious infections, particularly from Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can be life-threatening in these patients.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Haemophilia patients often require Factor VIII replacement therapy before procedures such as dental cleanings to prevent bleeding. The statement that the child does not need Factor VIII before a dental cleaning indicates a misunderstanding of the need for prophylactic treatment.

Choice B reason: Aspirin is contraindicated for children with haemophilia as it can inhibit platelet function and increase the risk of bleeding. The statement that it is okay to use aspirin reflects a lack of understanding of the appropriate pain management for haemophilia.

Choice C reason: While it is important for children with haemophilia to stay active, certain high-impact or contact sports may increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided. The statement that there are no limitations on the type of activities indicates a lack of awareness about the need to choose safe activities.

Choice D reason: Swimming is a low-impact activity that is generally safe and beneficial for children with haemophilia. It promotes cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength without putting undue stress on the joints or increasing the risk of bleeding. This statement demonstrates an understanding of appropriate activity choices for a child with haemophilia.

A. Encourage the parents to home school the child. B. Teach the parents about the need for a high-fibre diet. C. Instruct the parents on the need for yearly dental visits. D. Advise the parents that the child will need monthly thyroid testing.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: While some parents may choose to home school their child, this is a personal decision and not a standard recommendation for all children with Trisomy 21. Educational needs should be tailored to the individual child's abilities and preferences, and many children with Trisomy 21 attend public or private schools with appropriate support.

Choice B reason: Teaching the parents about the need for a high-fibre diet is important for overall health but is not specific to Trisomy 21. While children with Trisomy 21 may benefit from a balanced diet, the need for monthly thyroid testing is more directly related to managing their condition.

Choice C reason: Instructing the parents on the need for yearly dental visits is essential for maintaining oral health, but it is not the most critical aspect specific to Trisomy 21. Regular dental check-ups are recommended for all children, regardless of whether they have Trisomy 21.

Choice D reason: Advising the parents that the child will need monthly thyroid testing is crucial because children with Trisomy 21 are at an increased risk for thyroid disorders. Regular monitoring of thyroid function is essential for early detection and management of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, which can significantly impact growth and development.

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The nurse is teaching parents of a newborn recently diagnosed with sickle cell anaemia. Which interventions will the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

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Explanation

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Explanation

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