The nurse manager on a busy older adult medical unit is under significant pressure to minimize client lengths of stay and speed up discharge planning. An older adult client tells the nurse, "It doesn't matter who or how many people are waiting in the emergency department for this bed; I'm simply not healthy enough to go home yet." The nurse interprets the client's statement as indicating which idea?
Absolutism
Relativism
Egoism
Beneficence
The Correct Answer is B
A. Absolutism: This philosophical perspective holds that certain actions or principles are universally true or right, regardless of context or circumstances. In the context of the scenario, if the client believed in absolutism, they would likely insist that their discharge readiness is determined by fixed criteria, such as medical parameters, regardless of external factors like the waiting list in the emergency department.
B. Relativism: Relativism is the belief that truth, morality, or judgments are not absolute but are relative to individuals, cultures, or situations. In this scenario, the client's statement reflects a relativistic perspective because they assert that their readiness for discharge depends on their own health status and needs, rather than external factors like the waiting list in the emergency department.
C. Egoism: Egoism is a philosophical theory that prioritizes self-interest as the primary motivation for human actions. While the client's statement may indirectly reflect a concern for their own well-being, it does not necessarily imply that they are acting purely out of self-interest or egoism.
D. Beneficence: Beneficence is an ethical principle that emphasizes the obligation to do good and promote the well-being of others. While the client's statement may align with the idea of advocating for their own well-being, it does not directly relate to the ethical principle of beneficence, which typically involves actions taken to benefit others rather than oneself.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Fried chicken with collard greens: Fried foods are high in fat, which can exacerbate symptoms of pancreatitis. Collard greens, although a vegetable, are often prepared with added fats. This choice would warrant a teaching plan on avoiding high-fat foods to prevent aggravating pancreatitis.
B. Grilled salmon with summer squash: Grilled salmon is a lean protein source and summer squash is a low-fat vegetable. This choice aligns well with dietary recommendations for pancreatitis management, so no additional teaching plan may be necessary.
C. Tomato sandwich on white bread: Tomatoes are acidic and may cause discomfort for some individuals with pancreatitis. White bread is refined and lacks fiber, which may not be ideal for digestive health. This choice could prompt a teaching plan on selecting foods that are gentle on the digestive system and higher in fiber.
D. 2% milk with high-fiber cereal: While 2% milk is not excessively high in fat, it still contains some fat which may be problematic for pancreatitis. High-fiber cereal is generally a good choice, but it depends on the specific ingredients and whether they are well-tolerated by the individual. This choice could lead to a teaching plan on selecting low-fat dairy alternatives and choosing high-fiber foods that are easier on the digestive system.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Fidelity:
Fidelity refers to the ethical principle of faithfulness, loyalty, and honoring commitments in the nurse-patient relationship. It involves keeping promises, maintaining confidentiality, and advocating for the patient's best interests. While fidelity is important in building trust and rapport with patients, it is not directly relevant to the colleague's caution about the potential harm of administering morphine in this scenario.
B. Nonmaleficence:
Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the duty to do no harm to the patient. It involves avoiding actions that could cause harm or exacerbate the patient's condition. In this scenario, the colleague's caution about the potential risk of respiratory depression and harm from administering morphine aligns with the principle of nonmaleficence, as it prioritizes the safety and well-being of the client by warning against the potential harms of the intervention.
C. Justice:
Justice refers to the ethical principle of fairness and equitable distribution of resources and treatment. It involves ensuring that all individuals receive fair and equal treatment and that healthcare resources are allocated fairly. While justice is an important ethical principle in healthcare, it is not directly relevant to the colleague's caution about the potential respiratory depression from administering morphine in this scenario.
D. Beneficence:
Beneficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the duty to do good and promote the well-being of the patient. It involves taking actions to benefit the patient and enhance their welfare. While administering morphine to relieve the client's pain would align with the principle of beneficence by aiming to alleviate suffering and improve comfort, the colleague's caution highlights the potential harm that could result from the intervention, thus focusing more on the principle of nonmaleficence.
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