The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation of metastasis to the liver in the patient diagnosed with esophageal cancer?
Dysphagia
Jaundice
Emesis
Hypercalcemia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Dysphagia is a common symptom of esophageal cancer itself, not necessarily a sign of liver metastasis. Dysphagia occurs due to the tumor obstructing the esophagus.
B. Jaundice, characterized by a yellowing of the skin and sclera, can indicate liver dysfunction or metastasis to the liver. When cancer spreads to the liver, it can disrupt its normal functioning, leading to an accumulation of bilirubin in the body, causing jaundice.
C. Vomiting can occur in esophageal cancer due to obstruction or in advanced stages of the disease, but it is not a direct sign of metastasis to the liver.
D. Hypercalcemia can occur in some cancers, but it is not a typical manifestation of liver metastasis from esophageal cancer. It is more commonly seen in cancers such as breast, lung, or multiple myeloma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While pain is expected after any surgery, the focus of preoperative teaching should be on immediate post-operative expectations such as the presence of a chest tube, which is more critical for the nurse to prepare the client for. Pain management will be addressed postoperatively.
B. After a lobectomy, a chest tube is commonly placed to help drain excess air, fluid, or blood from the pleural space and prevent pneumothorax or other complications. This is a key part of the post-operative care for lung surgery.
C. Pulmonary function tests may be done before surgery to assess lung capacity and function, but they are not typically expected immediately after a lobectomy unless specified by the physician.
D. A lobectomy involves the removal of a portion of the lung, and the incision is usually made between the ribs, not through the sternum. The incision is generally intercostal, meaning it’s made between the ribs, not through the chest bone.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While monitoring for dysrhythmias is important for certain cardiovascular conditions, it is not the primary concern for an AAA. The management of blood pressure and preventing rupture are higher priorities.
B. While blood clots can be a concern in some cardiovascular conditions, thrombus formation is not a primary concern with AAA management unless other risk factors (such as venous stasis or atrial fibrillation) are present.
C. Monitoring for bleeding would be more relevant if the aneurysm were large or there were signs of rupture, but for a small AAA, the primary concern is managing blood pressure and preventing further enlargement. Bleeding monitoring is more critical in cases of rupture or larger aneurysms.
D. Antihypertensive medications are crucial for controlling blood pressure and preventing further stress on the aneurysm. Adherence to these medications is essential in managing the condition medically to reduce the risk of rupture or further enlargement of the aneurysm.
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