The nurse recognizes that a patient with sepsis is at risk to develop hypotension. Which pathophysiological process is responsible for this symptom?
Vasodilation and fluid shift out of the vascular space
Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation
Decreased blood glucose and oliguria
Hypoxemia and anaerobic metabolism
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: In sepsis, inflammatory mediators cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, leading to fluid leaking out of the vascular space, resulting in hypotension.
Choice B reason: Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation can occur in sepsis but are more related to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rather than directly causing hypotension.
Choice C reason: Decreased blood glucose and oliguria can be consequences of sepsis but are not the primary pathophysiological processes responsible for hypotension.
Choice D reason: Hypoxemia and anaerobic metabolism may result from the effects of sepsis on the body, including hypotension, but they are not the direct cause of hypotension.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A thyroidectomy, which is the surgical removal of the thyroid gland, directly leads to hypothyroidism because the body can no longer produce thyroid hormones. This client is at the greatest risk of developing hypothyroidism.
Choice B reason: While exposure to certain chemicals in pesticides can be a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction, it does not pose as immediate a risk as the removal of the thyroid gland itself.
Choice C reason: Thyroid nodules can be associated with thyroid dysfunction, but not all nodules result in hypothyroidism, and many are benign and asymptomatic.
Choice D reason: Vomiting secondary to influenza is not directly related to the development of hypothyroidism.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: A high-fat diet is not recommended for clients with chronic pancreatitis as it can exacerbate symptoms and lead to malabsorption issues.
Choice B reason: Checking blood glucose is important because chronic pancreatitis can affect the endocrine function of the pancreas, potentially leading to diabetes.
Choice C reason: While a semi-Fowler's position may be comfortable for some patients, it is not specifically an intervention for chronic pancreatitis.
Choice D reason: Assessing for hypotension is a general nursing intervention but not specific to the management of chronic pancreatitis.
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