A client has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.51, PaCO2 39 mm Hg, HCO3 32 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret these results?
Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L
Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: The ABG results show an elevated pH and HCO3, which are indicative of metabolic alkalosis. The PaCO2 is within the normal range, suggesting that it is uncompensated.
Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis would be indicated by an elevated PaCO2 and a decreased pH, which is not the case here.
Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis would be indicated by a decreased pH and HCO3, which is not consistent with the given results.
Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis would be indicated by a decreased PaCO2 and an increased pH, which is not consistent with the given results.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Resting tremor is a classic symptom of Parkinson's disease and is one of the primary diagnostic criteria.
Choice B reason : Limited range of motion is not specific to Parkinson's disease and can be caused by various conditions.
Choice C reason : Hypertension is not a diagnostic criterion for Parkinson's disease.
Choice D reason : Difficulty rising to stand is associated with the bradykinesia seen in Parkinson's disease, making it a relevant symptom for diagnosis.
Choice E reason : Diarrhea is not typically associated with Parkinson's disease and is not a diagnostic criterion.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: A soft diet with thin liquids may be recommended for patients with Parkinson's disease who have difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), but it is not the most appropriate intervention for all patients. Dysphagia is common in Parkinson's disease due to impaired muscle movement, and a soft diet can help prevent choking and aspiration.
Choice B reason: Assessing for orthostatic hypotension is crucial in the care of patients with Parkinson's disease. Orthostatic hypotension is a common non-motor symptom where there is a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing. Normal blood pressure should not drop more than 20 mm Hg systolic or 10 mm Hg diastolic within 2 to 5 minutes of standing². This condition can increase the risk of falls, which is a significant concern in this population.
Choice C reason: Exophthalmos, the bulging of the eyes, is not associated with Parkinson's disease. It is typically related to thyroid eye disease, such as Graves' disease, and would not be a relevant assessment for a Parkinson's patient unless there is a known co-existing thyroid condition.
Choice D reason: Limiting fluids to prevent urinary incontinence is not an appropriate intervention for Parkinson's disease. Adequate hydration is essential, and urinary incontinence should be managed with other strategies, such as bladder training, scheduled toileting, and possibly medication, depending on the cause.
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