"The nurse recognizes that the following statement best describes which phase in the cycle of battering: 'The woman senses that the man's tolerance for frustration is declining. He becomes angry with little provocation but may be quick to apologize. She may just try to stay out of his way.' Which of the following phases does this statement describe?"

 

 

Choice A Reason:

An internal crisis refers to a psychological conflict that arises within the individual, often related to unresolved issues from the past. This type of crisis is not typically triggered by external events but rather by internal struggles and can manifest as mental health issues such as depression or anxiety. In this scenario, the client's denial of the HIV diagnosis does not necessarily indicate an internal crisis but rather a reaction to a specific event.

Choice B Reason:

Maturational crises are associated with life transitions or developmental stages, such as adolescence, midlife, or retirement. These crises are part of normal growth and development. The client's situation does not fit this category, as it is not related to a natural stage of life but rather to the diagnosis of a health condition.

Choice C Reason:

A situational crisis occurs when an external event that is unexpected or unanticipated disrupts an individual's life. The diagnosis of HIV is a life-altering event that can lead to a situational crisis, as it presents a significant challenge to the client's sense of normalcy and can trigger a strong emotional response, such as denial.

Choice D Reason:

Adventitious crises are large-scale events that affect communities or societies, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, or pandemics. These crises are not personal in nature and are not the result of an individual's life circumstances. The client's denial of his HIV diagnosis does not constitute an adventitious crisis.

Choice A Reason:

Asking "How long has this been going on?" is a relevant question that can help the nurse understand the duration of the client's anxiety and concentration issues. However, it may not immediately provide the empathetic connection that can encourage the client to open up more about their feelings.

Choice B Reason:

"It sounds like you're having a difficult time" is an empathetic statement that acknowledges the client's distress and can help establish rapport. This response validates the client's feelings and invites them to share more about their experience, which is essential in forming a therapeutic nurse-client relationship.

Choice C Reason:

"Why do you think you are so anxious?" could prompt the client to reflect on possible causes of their anxiety, but it might also be perceived as confrontational or accusatory. It's important for the nurse to create a nonjudgmental atmosphere that encourages open communication.

Choice D Reason:

"Have you talked to your parents about this yet?" assumes that the client's parents are part of their support system and that the client is willing or able to discuss their anxiety with them. This question might not be appropriate for all clients, especially if family relationships are a source of stress.