The nurse would recognize which of the following as non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Age

Genetics

Smoking

Obesity

Sedentary Lifestyle

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Choice A reason: Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension because the risk of high blood pressure increases as we get older. This is due to changes in the heart and blood vessels, such as loss of elasticity and stiffening of the arteries, that affect the blood flow and pressure. ¹

Choice B reason: Genetics is a non-modifiable risk factor for hypertension because some people inherit genes that make them more likely to develop high blood pressure. For example, people of African and Black Caribbean descent have a higher risk of hypertension due to genetic variations that affect salt sensitivity and blood vessel function. ²

Choice C reason: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension because it can be changed or avoided by quitting tobacco use. Smoking damages the blood vessels and increases the risk of atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaque in the arteries that narrows them and raises blood pressure. Smoking also lowers the level of good cholesterol (HDL) and raises the level of bad cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides, which are fats in the blood that contribute to plaque formation. ³

Choice D reason: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension because it can be changed or prevented by losing weight or maintaining a healthy weight. Obesity increases the risk of high blood pressure by putting extra strain on the heart and blood vessels, as well as by causing hormonal and metabolic changes that affect blood pressure regulation. Obesity is also associated with other conditions that can raise blood pressure, such as diabetes, sleep apnea, and kidney disease. ⁴

Choice E reason: Sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension because it can be changed or improved by increasing physical activity. Sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of high blood pressure by reducing the ability of the blood vessels to dilate and contract, as well as by increasing the risk of obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. Physical activity helps to lower blood pressure by improving blood flow, strengthening the heart muscle, and lowering body weight and stress levels. .

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Correct Answer is ["0.7"]

Explanation

To calculate the amount of epoetin to administer, we can use the following formula:

Amount to administer (mL) = (Desired dose (units) / Available dose (units/mL))

Plugging in the given values:

Amount to administer (mL) = (7,000 units / 10,000 units/mL)

Now, let's solve for the amount to administer:

Amount to administer (mL) = (7,000 / 10,000) = 0.7 mL

So, the nurse should administer 0.7 mL of epoetin subcutaneously for the management of anemia related to chronic kidney disease.

A. Fentanyl 25 mcg/hr transdermal patch B. Meloxicam 15 mg PO daily C. Regular insulin 8 units subcutaneous before meals D. Docusate sodium 200 mg PO at bedtime

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because fentanyl 25 mcg/hr transdermal patch is a common and appropriate dose for chronic pain management. Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic that delivers a steady amount of medication through the skin over 72 hours.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because meloxicam 15 mg PO daily is a standard and safe dose for treating inflammation and pain caused by arthritis. Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammation.

Choice C reason: This is correct because regular insulin 8 units subcutaneous before meals is a vague and potentially dangerous prescription. Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin that lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into the cells. The dose of insulin should be individualized based on the client's blood glucose level, carbohydrate intake, and activity level. The nurse should contact the provider for clarification on how to adjust the dose according to the client's needs.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because docusate sodium 200 mg PO at bedtime is a usual and effective dose for preventing constipation. Docusate sodium is a stool softener that works by increasing the amount of water in the stool, making it easier to pass.

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The nurse would recognize which of the following as non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["0.7"]

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing medications prescribed for a client. For which of the following prescriptions should the nurse contact the provider for clarification?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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