The nurse would suggest the parents of an asthmatic child to encourage participation in which sport(s)? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A rationale

Contact Precautions are indicated for infections spread by direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment. While some aspects of pandemic flu transmission might involve fomites, the primary mode of transmission for influenza viruses is through respiratory droplets. Relying solely on contact precautions would be insufficient for comprehensive infection control in a pandemic flu scenario.

Choice B rationale

Inquiring about recent travel is a valuable step in epidemiological assessment for infectious diseases, helping to identify potential sources and transmission routes. However, during a preparedness drill for *pandemic* flu, the assumption is widespread community transmission or high risk, making travel history less critical for immediate client placement decisions compared to airborne/droplet precautions.

Choice C rationale

While specific guidelines for pregnant healthcare workers during pandemics may vary, a blanket statement prohibiting all pregnant caregivers from caring for clients with possible pandemic flu is overly restrictive and may not be necessary. Decisions regarding pregnant caregivers should be based on a comprehensive risk assessment, available personal protective equipment (PPE), and individual circumstances, not an absolute prohibition.

Choice D rationale

Pandemic influenza viruses are primarily transmitted via respiratory droplets, generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, and these droplets can travel short distances and deposit on mucous membranes. Enhanced Droplet Precautions, which often include a surgical mask for the caregiver, eye protection, and standard precautions, are crucial to prevent transmission for airborne diseases.

Choice A rationale

Cystic fibrosis primarily affects exocrine glands, leading to thick, viscous secretions that obstruct the pancreatic ducts. This obstruction prevents the release of pancreatic enzymes (e.g., lipase, amylase, protease) into the small intestine, impairing the digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, thus requiring exogenous enzyme supplementation.

Choice B rationale

Water-soluble minerals like sodium, potassium, and chloride are generally absorbed through active transport or diffusion in the intestines. While fluid and electrolyte imbalances can occur in CF, the primary digestive issue is enzyme deficiency, not a direct lack of water-soluble mineral absorption, although some may be affected indirectly.

Choice C rationale

Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) require pancreatic lipase for their absorption, as they are dissolved in dietary fats. Due to the impaired fat digestion in CF, malabsorption of these vitamins is common, necessitating supplementation, but the fundamental issue addressed by enzymes is overall nutrient digestion, not just vitamins.

Choice D rationale

Salt supplements are often required in cystic fibrosis due to excessive sodium and chloride loss in sweat, particularly during hot weather or exercise. However, salt supplements do not directly facilitate the digestion and absorption of macronutrients; their role is to maintain electrolyte balance and prevent dehydration.