The nurse's inspection of a client's extremities reveals a deep, circular, painful wound on the client's great toe. What should the nurse suspect as the etiology of the client's wound?

Blood is returning from the client's toe more slowly than normal.

There is a disruption in osmotic pressure in the client's extremities.

There is a blockage or infection in the client's lymphatic system.

The client's toe is receiving an inadequate supply of blood.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Slow venous return causes edema, not deep, painful wounds. This venous issue lacks the arterial insufficiency link to tissue necrosis, misaligning with the circular ulcer’s ischemic profile, which requires oxygen delivery, not just drainage, here fully.

Choice B reason: Osmotic pressure disruption affects fluid balance, not localized wounds. This systemic issue doesn’t explain a toe ulcer’s depth and pain, missing the vascular supply deficit driving tissue breakdown in this specific extremity finding entirely and clearly.

Choice C reason: Lymphatic blockage or infection causes swelling or lymphangitis, not deep, circular wounds. This lacks the ischemic etiology of toe ulcers, which stem from arterial insufficiency, not lymphatic dysfunction, distinguishing it from the observed pathology here fully.

Choice D reason: Inadequate arterial blood supply, as in peripheral artery disease, causes deep, painful toe ulcers due to tissue ischemia. Poor oxygen delivery leads to necrosis, matching the wound’s characteristics, making this the most likely etiology accurately and precisely.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Speaking very slowly distorts speech, worsening comprehension in presbycusis, an age-related high-frequency hearing loss. Facing the client aids lip-reading, but excessive slowness disrupts natural cadence, reducing clarity for those with sensorineural deficits typically seen here.

Choice B reason: Speaking directly, slightly slower, in a clear voice enhances understanding in presbycusis. Facing the client supports visual cues, while normal volume avoids distortion, addressing high-frequency loss effectively without assuming blockage or overcompensating unnecessarily for this condition.

Choice C reason: Presbycusis is sensorineural, not conductive from blockages like cerumen. Preparing to remove nonexistent wax misdiagnoses this age-related cochlear degeneration, wasting time and missing the communication adjustments needed for effective care in this scenario entirely.

Choice D reason: Raising the voice distorts sound, worsening presbycusis comprehension, as shouting amplifies lower frequencies, not the lost high ones. Assuming a “good ear” ignores bilateral degeneration, making this less effective than clear, direct speech for communication here.

A. Bell palsy B. Leukoplakia C. Nasal polyps D. Lesion of cranial nerve V

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Bell palsy affects cranial nerve VII, causing facial paralysis, not smell, which is cranial nerve I’s domain. A week of anosmia doesn’t align with this motor nerve issue, ruling it out as a cause of olfactory dysfunction here.

Choice B reason: Leukoplakia involves oral white patches, unrelated to smell, which cranial nerve I governs. It’s a mucosal condition, not nasal, missing the anatomical link to olfactory loss reported by the client over the past week entirely.

Choice C reason: Nasal polyps, benign growths in nasal passages, obstruct airflow, impairing cranial nerve I’s smell function. A week-long decrease fits this common cause, making it the priority to assess for physical blockage or inflammation in the nasal cavity accurately.

Choice D reason: Cranial nerve V (trigeminal) handles facial sensation, not smell, which is cranial nerve I’s role. A lesion here causes pain or numbness, not anosmia, excluding it as a relevant condition for this olfactory complaint specifically and fully.

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The nurse's inspection of a client's extremities reveals a deep, circular, painful wound on the client's great toe. What should the nurse suspect as the etiology of the client's wound?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has presbycusis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client reports a decreased sense of smell for the past week. Which condition would the nurse assess for?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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