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The nurse's auscultation of a client's lung fields reveals the presence of a wheeze. The nurse should recognize that this adventitious sound results from what pathophysiologic process?

A.

Air being diverted from the trachea to the bronchi

B.

Air passing through constricted passageways

C.

Air increasing in turbulence in a wide passage

D.

Air leaking from the alveoli into the pleural space

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Air being diverted from the trachea to the bronchi does not explain the cause of a wheeze. This is a normal part of airflow distribution.  
B. Air passing through constricted passageways is correct. A wheeze is a high-pitched, musical sound that occurs when air flows through narrowed or obstructed airways, as seen in conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or bronchitis.  
C. Air increasing in turbulence in a wide passage is incorrect. Wheezing occurs due to airway narrowing, not widening.  
D. Air leaking from the alveoli into the pleural space describes pneumothorax, which presents with absent breath sounds rather than wheezing.  


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Placing the diaphragm against clothing can interfere with sound transmission. The stethoscope should be placed directly on the skin.
B. Earpieces should fit snugly in the ears to optimize sound conduction, rather than being loose.
C. Asking the client to hold their breath is not a standard technique for improving heart sound auscultation; it is more useful for breath sounds or murmurs.
D. "Eliminate distracting noises from the environment and ensure a snug fit with the ear pieces" is correct because background noise can interfere with auscultation, and a proper fit enhances sound transmission.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Drinking fluids before and after meals but not during meals is incorrect. Clients with dysphagia may require thickened liquids and should sip fluids as needed to facilitate swallowing.
B. Sitting with the head of the bed at a 45-degree angle is incorrect. Clients with dysphagia should be positioned at a 90-degree angle (fully upright) during meals to reduce the risk of aspiration.
C. Thoroughly chewing small amounts of food with each mouthful is correct. Clients with dysphagia should eat slowly, take small bites, and chew food thoroughly to prevent choking and aspiration.
D. Temporomandibular joint pain is not a common issue associated with dysphagia following a stroke. The primary concern is the risk of aspiration.

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