The nursing instructor asks the student nurse which of the following intramuscular (IM) sites is preferred in infants and children.
What should the student nurse's response be?

Choice A rationale

Pain sensation behind the eyes, particularly during palpation of the frontal or ethmoid sinuses, suggests inflammation or infection within these sinuses. Under normal conditions, healthy paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities and should not elicit pain upon palpation.

Choice B rationale

Pain during palpation of any sinus area is indicative of sinusitis or inflammation. The presence of pain signifies pressure buildup, mucosal edema, or infection within the sinus cavities. Normal findings would not involve pain, but rather a sensation of mild pressure.

Choice C rationale

Normal findings during sinus palpation should elicit a sensation of pressure but no pain or tenderness. This indicates that the sinuses are air-filled, patent, and free from inflammation or congestion. The pressure is a result of the gentle digital compression over the bony structures.

Choice D rationale

Tingling along the nose and eyes is not a typical sensation associated with normal sinus palpation. This sensation might suggest neurological irritation, such as nerve compression or neuropathy, rather than a direct physiological response from the paranasal sinuses themselves.

Choice A rationale

The upper, outer quadrant is indeed a significant portion of the breast tissue, but its size alone does not explain its importance in breast examination. The distribution of glandular tissue throughout all quadrants contributes to breast volume, but density varies.

Choice B rationale

The upper outer quadrant is the most common location for breast tumors because it contains the largest amount of glandular tissue. This anatomical concentration increases the probability of abnormal cell proliferation, leading to a higher incidence of cancerous lesions in this area.

Choice C rationale

While any breast quadrant can experience injury or calcifications, the upper outer quadrant is not inherently more prone. Calcifications often result from benign processes or can be associated with malignancy, but their predisposition isn't quadrant-specific based on injury.

Choice D rationale

Suspensory ligaments (Cooper's ligaments) are fibrous tissues providing breast support and attach throughout the breast tissue to the underlying fascia and overlying skin. Their attachment is not concentrated solely in the upper outer quadrant, but rather distributed across the entire breast.