5 fl. oz = __________ mL (LABEL CORRECTLY)

Choice A rationale

"Right medication" refers to ensuring that the drug administered is precisely the one prescribed by the healthcare provider. This involves verifying the medication name, strength, and formulation against the order. In this scenario, the issue is not the medication itself, but rather the timing of its administration, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B rationale

"Right route" pertains to administering the medication via the prescribed pathway (e.g., oral, intravenous, subcutaneous). This ensures that the drug reaches the systemic circulation or target site effectively. The scenario explicitly states "oral guaifenesin," indicating the route was correct; the error lies in the timing.

Choice C rationale

"Right time" is a crucial aspect of medication administration, ensuring that the drug is given at the prescribed frequency and within the specified time window. Administering a medication 2 hours after its scheduled dose constitutes a deviation from the ordered time, potentially affecting its therapeutic efficacy or peak plasma concentration.

Choice D rationale

"Right dose" involves verifying that the amount of medication given is precisely what was ordered, preventing under-dosing or over-dosing. The scenario does not indicate any error in the quantity of guaifenesin administered, only the timing of its delivery. Therefore, this choice is not applicable to the described problem.

Choice A rationale

Frostbite causes localized tissue damage due to ice crystal formation and cellular dehydration, leading to impaired circulation. While frostbite can affect capillary refill, a 5-second refill time in the absence of cold exposure or other correlating symptoms makes frostbite a less likely primary consideration and requires broader assessment.

Choice B rationale

Venous insufficiency involves impaired blood return to the heart, leading to venous stasis and edema. Capillary refill primarily assesses arterial perfusion and microcirculatory integrity, not venous outflow. Therefore, venous insufficiency would not typically manifest as a prolonged capillary refill time as a primary symptom.

Choice C rationale

Normal capillary refill time in adults is typically less than 2 seconds. A 5-second capillary refill time indicates impaired peripheral perfusion, suggesting inadequate blood flow to the capillaries. This delay warrants further investigation to identify underlying causes such as dehydration, hypovolemia, or peripheral vascular compromise.

Choice D rationale

Normal capillary refill time is typically less than 2 seconds. A 5-second refill time is significantly prolonged and indicates compromised peripheral circulation. Considering this normal would lead to a missed opportunity to identify and address a potentially serious underlying physiological issue affecting tissue perfusion.