5 fl. oz = __________ mL (LABEL CORRECTLY)

Step 1 is calculate the flow rate in mL/hr. 100 mL ÷ 60 minutes = 1.666 mL/minute. 1.666 mL/minute × 60 minutes/hr = 99.96 mL/hr. Rounded to whole number: 100 mL/hr.

Choice A rationale

The aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and the aorta, is best auscultated at the second intercostal space (ICS) along the right sternal border. This anatomical landmark allows for optimal sound transmission as blood is ejected from the left ventricle into the systemic circulation, enabling clear identification of S2 heart sounds and potential aortic murmurs.

Choice B rationale

The pulmonic valve, positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, is most clearly heard at the second intercostal space (ICS) along the left sternal border. This specific location facilitates the detection of sounds associated with blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary circulation, aiding in the assessment of right heart function and conditions like pulmonary hypertension.

Choice C rationale

The tricuspid valve, situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle, is best auscultated at the fourth intercostal space (ICS) along the left sternal border. This site is optimal for assessing the flow of deoxygenated blood into the right ventricle, allowing for the detection of murmurs related to tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis, and evaluating right heart filling.

Choice D rationale

The mitral valve, located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, is most accurately assessed at the fifth intercostal space (ICS) at the left midclavicular line (MCL). This apex beat location is crucial for hearing sounds associated with the filling of the left ventricle and detecting murmurs indicative of mitral valve prolapse, regurgitation, or stenosis, reflecting left heart function.