The pancreas functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland. Which of the following accurately describes its dual role?
The exocrine function involves hormone release, while the endocrine function involves the secretion of buffers and enzymes.
The endocrine function involves the secretion of digestive enzymes, while the exocrine function involves hormone release.
The exocrine function involves the release of insulin and glucagon, while the endocrine function involves hormone release.
The endocrine function involves the release of insulin and glucagon, while the exocrine function involves the secretion of digestive enzymes and buffers.
The Correct Answer is D
A. The exocrine function involves hormone release, while the endocrine function involves the secretion of buffers and enzymes.: this reverses the roles; exocrine does enzymes/buffers, endocrine does hormones.
B. The endocrine function involves the secretion of digestive enzymes, while the exocrine function involves hormone release.: reversed roles.
C. The exocrine function involves the release of insulin and glucagon, while the endocrine function involves hormone release.: insulin and glucagon are endocrine products, not exocrine.
D. The endocrine function involves the release of insulin and glucagon, while the exocrine function involves the secretion of digestive enzymes and buffers.: the pancreas’ islet cells secrete insulin/glucagon (endocrine) and acinar/bicarbonate secretions go to the duodenum (exocrine).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. CCK is released from the duodenum to promote liver and pancreatic secretion.:CCK (cholecystokinin) is released by duodenal/jejunal enteroendocrine cells and stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and gallbladder contraction -this supports digestion but describes a hormonal control mechanism rather than a structural adaptation of the small intestine itself.
B. Large surface area due to the presence of the plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli.:The small intestine’s mucosal folds (plicae circulares), finger-like villi, and microscopic microvilli (brush border) massively increase surface area for absorption.
C. Acid secretions from the stomach are neutralized in the duodenum.:The duodenum receives bicarbonate-rich pancreatic secretions and bile which neutralize gastric acid to create an optimal pH for intestinal enzymes -this is an important functional adaptation that facilitates digestion/absorption but is secondary to the structural surface-area adaptations.
D. The small intestine has haustra and rugae both help in nutrient absorption.:Haustra are sacculations of the large intestine (colon) and rugae are folds in the stomach -neither are features of the small intestine, so this statement is incorrect.
Correct Answer is ["D","F"]
Explanation
A. Glomerulus – 6:The glomerulus is the capillary tuft labeled 2, not 6.
B. PCT – 9:The proximal convoluted tubule is labeled 7(first coiled segment after the capsule); there is no 9 shown.
C. Distal convoluted tubule – 8:The DCT is labeled 6(coiled segment after the ascending limb). 8points to the collecting system.
D. Nephron loop – 3, 4 and 5:3= descending limb, 4= hairpin turn, 5= ascending limb.
E. DCT – 9:DCT is 6; no 9 indicated.
F. Glomerular capsule – 1:The capsule (Bowman’s capsule) encasing the glomerulus is labeled 1.
G. Collecting duct – 1:The collecting duct is the long vertical duct on the right (labeled 7/8), not 1.
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