The patient diagnosed with primary hypertension asks why it is called primary and not secondary. What is the best explanation for the nurse to provide?

“Secondary hypertension only occurs in people over 65 years of age."

"Primary hypertension does not cause the vascular and organ damage that occurs with secondary hypertension,

“Secondary hypertension has a more gradual onset than primary hypertension."

"Primary hypertension means there is not one single identifiable cause.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Secondary hypertension is not age-specific. It can occur at any age and is caused by identifiable factors, such as kidney disease, hormone imbalances, or medication use.

B. Primary hypertension can cause vascular and organ damage if left untreated, but secondary hypertension is also associated with organ damage due to the underlying condition. The difference lies in the cause, not the severity of damage.

C. Secondary hypertension often has a more abrupt onset due to the underlying condition, whereas primary hypertension develops more gradually over time.

D. Primary (or essential) hypertension is high blood pressure with no identifiable secondary cause. It is thought to result from a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The exact cause is unknown, making it "primary."

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Preventing injury is critical in PAD, as poor circulation makes it more difficult for the body to heal wounds. Injuries or cuts can lead to severe infections or ulcers, which may progress to amputation in severe cases.

B. Wearing tight compression stockings can worsen PAD by restricting blood flow. Loose-fitting stockings or compression socks may be beneficial, but tight stockings should be avoided.

C. Regular walking improves circulation in the legs and can help manage PAD. Resting when cramping occurs allows the muscles to receive blood flow again, reducing the risk of further damage.

D. Reducing intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol is essential to prevent further progression of PAD, as these substances contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to narrowing and reduced blood flow.

E. Applying ice to the legs can worsen symptoms of PAD, as it may further restrict blood flow. Heat therapy may be more appropriate for pain relief, but this should be done cautiously to avoid burns or worsening circulatory issues.

A. "Have you recently taken any antihistamines?" B. "Did you take any acetaminophen (Tylenol) today?" C. "Have there been recent stressful events in your life? D. "Have you consistently taken your medications?"

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Antihistamines can raise blood pressure, but this is less likely to be the primary cause compared to medication non-adherence.

B. Acetaminophen is generally safe for use in hypertensive patients and is unlikely to contribute to the high blood pressure in this scenario.

C. Stress can contribute to elevated blood pressure, but non-adherence to medications is a more likely cause of the severe BP elevation in this case.

D. Poor medication adherence is a common cause of elevated blood pressure despite treatment. If the client has not been consistently taking their antihypertensive medications, this could explain the elevated BP and symptoms (headache, blurred vision).

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The patient diagnosed with primary hypertension asks why it is called primary and not secondary. What is the best explanation for the nurse to provide?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is planning to teach a client with peripheral arterial disease about measures to limit disease progression. Which items would the nurse include on a list of suggestions for the client? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The home care nurse has given instructions to a client who was recently discharged from the hospital regarding the care of their extremities due to peripheral arterial disease. The nurse determines that there is a need for further teaching if the client makes which statement?

The nurse has finished teaching a patient diagnosed with chronic stable angina about the use of sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat). Which patient statement indicates that the teaching has been effective?

The nurse is evaluating a client with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Which of the following assessment findings would be most indicative of chronic venous insufficiency?

A nurse at a provider's office receives a phone call from a client who reports nausea and unrelieved chest pain after taking a nitroglycerin tablet 5 min ago. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?

A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. The client reports leg pain and cramping after walking 3 blocks, which is relieved when the client stops and rests. The nurse documents that the client is experiencing which clinical manifestation?

The nurse teaches a client at risk for coronary artery disease about necessary lifestyle changes. The nurse determines that the client understands the education if the client makes which statements? Select all that apply.