The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?

Low birth weight.

Preterm birth.

Cleft palate.

Macrosomic newborn.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. If euglycemia, or normal blood glucose levels, is not maintained during pregnancy, the fetus can be at risk for a number of complications. The greatest risk to the fetus in this situation is the development of a macrosomic newborn, or a newborn that is significantly larger than average. This occurs because the excess glucose in the mother's bloodstream is passed on to the fetus, leading to excessive fetal growth.

Macrosomia can lead to complications during delivery, such as shoulder dystocia, and can increase the risk of injury to both the mother and the baby. While low birth weight and preterm birth are also potential complications of GDM, macrosomia is considered the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained. Cleft palate is not typically associated with GDM.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The pattern of bowel movements is the most important information for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain when assisting with the admission of a 12-month-old child with a history of frequent colds and growth failure who is being tested for a possible diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). CF can cause thick, sticky mucus to build up in the digestive tract, leading to problems with digestion and absorption of nutrients. This can result in bulky, greasy stools and growth failure.

The number of respiratory infections since birth (Option A) and a description of the child's appetite (Option C) are also important pieces of information, but they are not as critical as the pattern of bowel movements. The number of siblings in the family ( Option B) is not directly relevant to the child's medical condition.

A. Obtain a serum glucose level. B. Oﬀer age-appropriate toys. C. Suggest diapers for bedtime use. D. Bring orange juice and crackers.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The practical nurse (PN) should obtain a serum glucose level to assess the client's blood sugar level, which can help to determine if the client is experiencing hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Anorexia, drowsiness, and polydipsia, along with the reported frequent urination and bedwetting, are symptoms of hyperglycemia or DKA.

Oﬀering age-appropriate toys (B) or suggesting diapers for bedtime use (C) are not appropriate actions for the PN to take in this situation.

Bringing orange juice and crackers (D) may help to increase the client's blood sugar level in the short term, but it does not address the underlying issue and may exacerbate the client's symptoms if she is experiencing hyperglycemia or DKA.

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The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Which complication should the PN recognize as the greatest risk to the fetus if euglycemia is not maintained?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting with the admission of a 12-month-old child with a history of frequent colds and growth failure. Testing is being planned for a possible diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). Which information is most important for the PN to obtain?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A 6-year-old female client who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) comes to the clinic with anorexia, drowsiness, and polydipsia. Her parents report frequent urination and bedwetting episodes almost nightly. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client in the preoperative holding area who is waiting for abdominal surgery. The client tells the PN about feeling afraid and anxious because of the surgery. Which technique is best for the PN to assist the client to use while waiting for surgery?

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a toddler during a follow-up visit after corticosteroid treatment for minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Which finding should the PN recognize as an early sign of relapse?

A male college student brings his roommate to the clinic because the roommate has been talking to someone who is not present. The client tells the practical nurse (PN) that the voices are saying, "Kill, kill." Which question should the PN ask the client next?

The practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a client who was admitted for induction of labor. As the client's labor progresses to the second stage, the fetal heart rate falls to 100 beats/minute following each contraction. Which intervention should the PN implement first?

A primigravida who is at 10-weeks gestation is hospitalized on the antepartum unit for pyelonephritis. The client tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has had several episodes of nausea. When reviewing her lunch menu, which food should the PN discourage her from choosing?

A postpartum client who is Rh-negative refuses to receive Rho(D) immune globulin after the delivery of an infant who is Rh-positive. Which information should the practical nurse (PN) provide this client?

The mother of a 3-year-old asks the practical nurse (PN) to clarify the healthcare provider's diagnosis of acute otitis media. Which is the most accurate explanation?

A client on the mental health unit has been scowling and rapidly pacing up and down the hall for several minutes. Which behaviors are most important for the practical nurse (PN) to monitor?