The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client whose urine drug screen is positive for cocaine. Which behavior is this client likely to exhibit during cocaine withdrawal?
Elevated energy level.
High self-esteem.
Euphoria.
Powerful craving for more.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is Choice d. Powerful craving for more.
Rationale:
Cocaine withdrawal symptoms are primarily psychological and emotional, rather than physical. While some physical symptoms may occur, such as fatigue and muscle aches, the most prominent and concerning aspects of withdrawal are intense cravings for the drug.
Here's a breakdown of the other choices and why they are not as likely:
- Choice a. Elevated energy level: Cocaine is a stimulant, so during withdrawal, a person is more likely to experience decreased energy and fatigue.
- Choice b. High self-esteem: Cocaine use can initially boost self-esteem, but withdrawal often leads to feelings of depression, anxiety, and worthlessness.
- Choice c. Euphoria: Euphoria is one of the main effects of cocaine use, but during withdrawal, the opposite occurs, with individuals experiencing dysphoria, a state of intense negative emotions.
Therefore, the intense craving for more cocaine is the most characteristic behavioral symptom exhibited during cocaine withdrawal. This craving is driven by the brain's adaptation to the drug's presence and the disruption of dopamine and other neurotransmitter systems caused by withdrawal.
Additional Notes:
- The intensity of cocaine withdrawal symptoms can vary depending on several factors, including the severity and duration of cocaine use, individual differences in brain chemistry and genetics, and the presence of co-occurring mental health conditions.
- Seeking professional help for cocaine withdrawal is crucial to manage cravings and other symptoms effectively and increase the chances of successful recovery.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice C. Following abdominal surgery, a client experiences wound evisceration.
Choice A rationale:
Cellulitis developing around a foot wound in a client with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a concerning situation, but it does not require the most immediate intervention compared to wound evisceration. Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection that can usually be treated with antibiotics, while wound evisceration is a surgical emergency.
Choice B rationale:
Following suture removal from a stab wound, wound dehiscence is a serious complication, but it is not as immediately life-threatening as wound evisceration. Wound dehiscence is the separation of the wound edges after closure, and while it requires prompt attention, it does not involve the protrusion of organs from the wound.
Choice C rationale:
Wound evisceration, the protrusion of organs through a surgical incision, is a life-threatening complication that requires immediate intervention. The practical nurse should cover the exposed organs with a sterile, moist dressing and seek immediate medical assistance to prevent infection and further complications.
Choice D rationale:
For a client with a stage 4 sacral pressure ulcer developing purulent drainage is a concern, but it is not as immediately critical as wound evisceration. Proper wound care and infection management are essential, but the urgency level is lower compared to wound evisceration.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is the best action for the PN to take because it provides reality orientation and helps the client cope with the change in environment. The client may be experiencing acute confusion or delirium due to stress, medication, infection, or other factors. The PN should remind the client of the date, time, and place frequently and use other strategies such as calendars, clocks, and familiar objects to reduce confusion.
A. Documenting the client's loss of memory in the record is not enough and does not address the client's needs.
B. Notifying the family of the change in the client's condition is not a priority and may not be necessary if the confusion is temporary or reversible.
D. Encouraging the client to rest during the day is not appropriate and may worsen the confusion or disrupt the sleep-wake cycle.
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