The registered nurse reviews the result of the arterial blood gas values with the licensed practical nurse and tells the LPN that the client has respiratory acidosis. The LPN would expect to note which of the following on the laboratory result report?

pH 7.50, PCO2 30 mmHg

pH 7.45, PCO2 52 mmHg

pH 7.25, PCO2 50 mmHg

pH 7.35, PCO2 40 mmHg

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because this represents respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis. Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a low PCO2.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because this represents a mixed disorder, not a pure respiratory acidosis. A mixed disorder occurs when both the pH and the PCO2 are abnormal, but in opposite directions.

Choice C reason: This is correct because this represents respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH and a high PCO2.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because this represents normal values, not respiratory acidosis. Normal values for pH and PCO2 are 7.35 to 7.45 and 35 to 45 mmHg, respectively.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because bradypnea is a term for slow breathing, usually less than 12 breaths per minute. The client is breathing rapidly, not slowly.

Choice B reason: This is correct because Kussmaul's respirations are a type of breathing pattern that is deep, regular, and rapid, usually more than 20 breaths per minute. Kussmaul's respirations are a sign of metabolic acidosis, which occurs in diabetic ketoacidosis due to the accumulation of ketones in the blood. The client is trying to exhale the excess carbon dioxide and lower the acidity of the blood.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because Cheyne-Stokes respirations are a type of breathing pattern that is irregular, with periods of apnea (no breathing) alternating with periods of rapid breathing. Cheyne-Stokes respirations are a sign of cerebral dysfunction, such as stroke, brain injury, or coma.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because Biot's respirations are a type of breathing pattern that is irregular, with periods of apnea (no breathing) interspersed with periods of normal breathing. Biot's respirations are a sign of brainstem damage, such as meningitis, encephalitis, or head trauma.

A. 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L B. 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL C. 135 to 145 mEq/L D. 1.8 to 2.6 mEq/L

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is correct because 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L is the normal range of serum potassium level in adults. Potassium is an electrolyte that is important for nerve and muscle function, as well as acid-base balance.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL is the normal range of serum calcium level in adults, not potassium. Calcium is an electrolyte that is involved in bone health, muscle contraction, and blood clotting.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because 135 to 145 mEq/L is the normal range of serum sodium level in adults, not potassium. Sodium is an electrolyte that is essential for fluid balance, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because 1.8 to 2.6 mEq/L is the normal range of serum magnesium level in adults, not potassium. Magnesium is an electrolyte that is important for muscle and nerve function, as well as enzyme activity.

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The registered nurse reviews the result of the arterial blood gas values with the licensed practical nurse and tells the LPN that the client has respiratory acidosis. The LPN would expect to note which of the following on the laboratory result report?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse observed that a client with diabetic ketoacidosis is experiencing abnormally deep, regular, and rapid respirations. How would the nurse document this observation in the medical record?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

What is the normal range of serum potassium level in adults?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An isotonic state exists within a patient's body fluids when the solute concentration of:

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