The school nurse is performing health assessments on students in middle school. Of what developmental milestone should the nurse be aware?

Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after menarche.

Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 13½ and 17½ years.

Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarche.

Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of age.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after

menarchE. Height increases during adolescence are not directly related to menarche. Growth in girls typically continues for several years after menarche, although at a slower rate compared to the pre-pubertal growth spurt.

B. Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 13½ and 17½ years: While boys do experience a growth spurt during adolescence, the timing and duration of growth spurts can vary widely among individuals. Growth typically

continues beyond the age of 14, with some boys reaching their full adult height in their late teens or early twenties.

C. Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarchE. Peak height velocity refers to the period of most rapid growth during adolescence. In girls, PHV typically occurs around the age of 12, with growth continuing for some time after menarche.

D. Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of agE. Boys generally experience PHV and PWV later than girls, typically occurring around the age of 14 to 16. These milestones mark the period of most rapid growth in boys, with height and weight increasing significantly during this time.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tell the child that another child the same age wasn't afraiD. This approach may backfire as toddlers may not fully understand or relate to the concept of comparison with other children. Additionally, it could potentially increase the child's anxiety by implying that being afraid is abnormal.

B. Permit the child to sit on the parent's lap during the examination: Allowing the child to stay close to their caregiver can provide comfort and security, promoting cooperation during the examination.

C. Offer immediate praise for holding still or doing what was askeD. Positive reinforcement can encourage desired behavior and cooperation by reinforcing the child's efforts to comply with the examination process.

D. Allow the child to touch and hold the equipment when possiblE. Giving the child a sense of control and familiarity with the examination tools can help alleviate fear and increase cooperation during the examination.

A. “This is a vasomotor response caused by cooling or warming." B. “This is normal her circulatory system will take a few days to adjust.” C. "Let's watch her carefully to make sure she does not have a circulatory problem." D. "Your daughter has acrocyanosis; this is causing her blue hands and feet.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “This is a vasomotor response caused by cooling or warming": While vasomotor responses can cause changes in skin color due to temperature changes, acrocyanosis specifically refers to blue discoloration of the hands and feet due to reduced peripheral circulation, not necessarily due to temperature changes.

B. “This is normal her circulatory system will take a few days to adjust”: While it's true that newborns may have transient circulatory changes as their circulatory system adapts after birth, acrocyanosis specifically refers to a benign condition characterized by persistent blue discoloration of the extremities unrelated to circulatory adjustments.

C. "Let's watch her carefully to make sure she does not have a circulatory problem": While it's important to monitor infants for any signs of circulatory problems, acrocyanosis is typically a

benign and self-limiting condition that does not require intervention unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

D. "Your daughter has acrocyanosis; this is causing her blue hands and feet.”: This response provides an accurate explanation for the blue discoloration of the infant's hands and feet. Acrocyanosis is a common and benign condition in newborns characterized by blue discoloration of the extremities due to peripheral vasoconstriction, which gradually resolves over the first few days to weeks of life.

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The school nurse is performing health assessments on students in middle school. Of what developmental milestone should the nurse be aware?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which would be least effective in gaining the cooperation of a toddler during a physical examination?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The parents of a 2-day-old girl are concerned because her feet and hands are slightly blue. How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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