The school nurse is performing health assessments on students in middle school. Of what developmental milestone should the nurse be aware?

Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after menarche.

Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 13½ and 17½ years.

Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarche.

Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of age.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after

menarchE. Height increases during adolescence are not directly related to menarche. Growth in girls typically continues for several years after menarche, although at a slower rate compared to the pre-pubertal growth spurt.

B. Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 13½ and 17½ years: While boys do experience a growth spurt during adolescence, the timing and duration of growth spurts can vary widely among individuals. Growth typically

continues beyond the age of 14, with some boys reaching their full adult height in their late teens or early twenties.

C. Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarchE. Peak height velocity refers to the period of most rapid growth during adolescence. In girls, PHV typically occurs around the age of 12, with growth continuing for some time after menarche.

D. Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of agE. Boys generally experience PHV and PWV later than girls, typically occurring around the age of 14 to 16. These milestones mark the period of most rapid growth in boys, with height and weight increasing significantly during this time.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Myelination of the brain and spinal cord is a continuous process that begins during fetal development and continues through childhood and adolescence. While significant myelination

occurs during infancy and toddlerhood, it is not complete by 24 months. However, substantial progress in myelination does occur during the toddler years, contributing to the development of motor and cognitive skills.

B. Alveoli reach adult numbers by 3 years of age. This statement is incorrect. Alveoli continue to develop and increase in number after birth, reaching adult numbers around adolescence, not by 3 years of age.

C. Urine output in a toddler typically averages approximately 30 mL/hour. This statement is incorrect. Toddlers typically have higher urine output rates than adults due to their smaller

bladder capacity and higher metabolic rate. The average urine output for a toddler is around 1-2 mL/kg/hour, which varies depending on factors such as hydration status and activity level.

D. Toddlers typically have strong abdominal muscles by the age of 2. This statement is incorrect. While toddlers may develop some abdominal muscle strength through activities such as walking and climbing, their muscle tone and strength are still developing and may not be as strong as in older children or adults.

A. "Keep a night light on in your child's room." B. "Let your child sleep in your bed with you." C. "Tell your child that monsters are not real." D. "Stay with your child until the child is asleep."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Keep a night light on in your child's room." - This option addresses the child's fear of

monsters by providing a solution that offers comfort and reassurance without dismissing the child's concerns outright.

B. "Let your child sleep in your bed with you." - While this may temporarily alleviate the child's fear, it doesn't address the underlying issue or help the child learn coping mechanisms for dealing with fear.

C. "Tell your child that monsters are not real." - This response invalidates the child's feelings and may increase anxiety by dismissing their fears as irrational.

D. "Stay with your child until the child is asleep." - While staying with the child may provide comfort initially, it doesn't offer a long-term solution and may reinforce the fear by implying that there is something to be afraid of.

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The school nurse is performing health assessments on students in middle school. Of what developmental milestone should the nurse be aware?

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