The sloughing off of older cells from the surface of the skin is called
pollination
keratinization
denaturation
germination
desquamation
The Correct Answer is E
A. pollination
This refers to the transfer of pollen in plants; unrelated to skin physiology.
B. keratinization
Keratinization is the process by which skin cells produce keratin and move upward in the epidermis, but it does not refer to shedding.
C. denaturation
Denaturation refers to the alteration of protein structure due to heat, pH, or chemicals-doesn’t apply to normal skin turnover.
D. germination
Germination refers to seed sprouting in plants, not skin cell behavior.
E. desquamation
Desquamation is the shedding of dead, keratinized cells from the outermost layer of the skin (stratum corneum).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. stable; epithelium: Epithelium consists of labile cells, not stable ones. These cells divide frequently even without injury.
B. permanent; nervous: Nervous tissue is considered permanent, and neurons generally do not regenerate or undergo mitosis even after injury.
C. stable; liver: Stable cells do not divide under normal conditions but can be stimulated to divide after injury. Liver cells are a classic example.
D. permanent; liver: In The liver is capable of regeneration and therefore has stable, not permanent, cells.
E. labile; epithelium: This is a true match, but it does not answer the question asked. Labile cells divide regularly and are not "usually non-mitotic" as the question specifies.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. arrector pili muscles; skeletal
Arrector pili muscles are not voluntary, and skeletal muscle is under voluntary control.
B. apocrine pili muscles; smooth
“Apocrine pili” is not a valid term. Apocrine glands are sweat glands, not muscles.
C. arrector pili muscles; cardiac
Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and is not associated with skin or hair.
D. arrector pili muscles; smooth
These small involuntary muscles are attached to hair follicles and made of smooth muscle, which contracts to produce goosebumps (piloerection) in response to cold or emotional stimuli.
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