The treatment of choice in a child with intussusception who is not showing signs of sepsis or shock is hydrostatic reduction of telescoped bowel with an air or saline enema. True or False?

Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as Airborne Precautions are not indicated for patients with LIP, unless they have other infections that are transmitted by airborne particles, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox. Airborne Precautions include wearing a respirator or N95 mask when entering the patient's room, placing the patient in a negative-pressure isolation room with the door closed, and limiting the movement of the patient outside the room.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as LIP is not rarely seen in children with AIDS, but rather one of the most common pulmonary complications of HIV infection in children. LIP affects about 30% to 40% of children with HIV, and is more prevalent in younger children than older children or adults.

Choice C reason: This statement is correct, as LIP is a common AIDS-defining condition in children with HIV. AIDS-defining conditions are illnesses that occur in people with advanced HIV infection and indicate a severe immunosuppression. LIP is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lungs that causes lymphocytic infiltration of the interstitium and alveoli, leading to respiratory symptoms and impaired gas exchange.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as antibiotics are not the first-line treatment for LIP, unless there is a bacterial superinfection. Antibiotics do not target the underlying cause of LIP, which is the HIV infection and the associated immune dysfunction. The main treatment for LIP is antiretroviral therapy (ART), which suppresses the viral replication and improves the immune status of the patient. Corticosteroids may also be used to reduce the inflammation and improve the lung function.

Choice A reason: This statement is correct, as atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that is often linked to allergic conditions, such as asthma, hay fever, or food allergies. It also has a genetic component, as it tends to run in families.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as atopic dermatitis (eczema) is not associated with upper respiratory tract infections, but rather with lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. Upper respiratory tract infections affect the nose, throat, and sinuses, while lower respiratory tract infections affect the lungs and airways.

Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as atopic dermatitis (eczema) is not easily cured, but rather a chronic and relapsing condition that requires long-term management. There is no cure for eczema, but the symptoms can be controlled with medications, moisturizers, and avoidance of triggers.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as treatment for atopic dermatitis (eczema) does not include keeping the skin dry, but rather keeping the skin moist and hydrated. Dry skin can worsen the itching and inflammation of eczema, so the nurse should advise the parents to apply emollients to the infant's skin after bathing, use mild and fragrance-free soaps and detergents, and avoid excessive heat and sweating.