The type of immunity produced by infection or exposure to a microbial toxin is:
Autoimmunity
Species immunity
Passive immunity
Active immunity
The Correct Answer is D
A. Autoimmunity is a malfunction of the immune system where the body attacks its own tissues — it is not a type of protective immunity acquired through infection or exposure.
B. Species immunity refers to natural resistance to certain diseases that affect other species (e.g., humans not being susceptible to some animal viruses), not immunity acquired through infection.
C. Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from another source (like from mother to baby or via antibody-containing injections) and does not require the immune system to produce its own response.
D. Active immunity is the correct answer. It develops when the body is exposed to a pathogen or its toxins and responds by producing its own antibodies and memory cells, providing long-term protection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Oxygen delivery to tissues is the primary function of the circulatory system, not the lymphatic system.
B. Thermoregulation is primarily carried out by the circulatory system and other mechanisms like sweating, not the lymphatic system.
C. The transport of absorbed amino acids from the intestine to the liver is a function of the circulatory system, specifically through the hepatic portal vein, not the lymphatic system.
D. The lymphatic system is involved in the absorption of digested fats through specialized lymphatic capillaries called lacteals in the small intestine. These lacteals absorb fats and transport them into the lymphatic circulation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The inguinal lymph nodes are not part of the hepatic portal system. The hepatic portal system refers to the venous system that directs blood from the digestive organs to the liver, while the inguinal lymph nodes are involved in immune function.
B. The inguinal lymph nodes do not line the entrance of the spleen. The spleen is located in the upper left abdomen and has its own set of immune cells but does not directly connect to the inguinal lymph nodes.
C. The inguinal lymph nodes are located in the groin area. They are part of the body's lymphatic system and help filter lymph fluid from the lower extremities and genital region.
D. Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages found in the liver, not in the inguinal lymph nodes. These cells are involved in the filtration of blood and the removal of pathogens and debris.
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