The type of immunity produced by infection or exposure to a microbial toxin is:
Autoimmunity
Species immunity
Passive immunity
Active immunity
The Correct Answer is D
A. Autoimmunity is a malfunction of the immune system where the body attacks its own tissues — it is not a type of protective immunity acquired through infection or exposure.
B. Species immunity refers to natural resistance to certain diseases that affect other species (e.g., humans not being susceptible to some animal viruses), not immunity acquired through infection.
C. Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from another source (like from mother to baby or via antibody-containing injections) and does not require the immune system to produce its own response.
D. Active immunity is the correct answer. It develops when the body is exposed to a pathogen or its toxins and responds by producing its own antibodies and memory cells, providing long-term protection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Lacteals are specialized lymphatic capillaries located in the villi of the small intestine. They absorb digested fats (in the form of chylomicrons) and transport them into the lymphatic system, eventually entering the bloodstream.
B. Peyer patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found in the small intestine, important for immune surveillance, but they are not involved in fat absorption.
C. Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages in the liver that filter blood, not involved in lymphatic fat transport.
D. Lymph capillaries generally collect interstitial fluid to form lymph, but lacteals are the specific type of lymph capillary responsible for absorbing dietary fats.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Jaundice is caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the blood, typically due to liver or bile duct issues, not a blockage of lymph flow.
B. Edema occurs when there is an accumulation of fluid in tissues, which can result from a blockage in the lymphatic system (called lymphedema). This disrupts the normal drainage of lymph, causing swelling.
C. Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins, typically caused by poor blood circulation, not lymphatic blockage.
D. Anemia is a condition where there is a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, and it is not related to a blockage of lymph flow.
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