The type of immunity produced by infection or exposure to a microbial toxin is:
Autoimmunity
Species immunity
Passive immunity
Active immunity
The Correct Answer is D
A. Autoimmunity is a malfunction of the immune system where the body attacks its own tissues — it is not a type of protective immunity acquired through infection or exposure.
B. Species immunity refers to natural resistance to certain diseases that affect other species (e.g., humans not being susceptible to some animal viruses), not immunity acquired through infection.
C. Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from another source (like from mother to baby or via antibody-containing injections) and does not require the immune system to produce its own response.
D. Active immunity is the correct answer. It develops when the body is exposed to a pathogen or its toxins and responds by producing its own antibodies and memory cells, providing long-term protection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Lymph from the lower body drains into the thoracic duct.
B. Lymph from the left side of the head drains into the thoracic duct as well, which eventually empties into the systemic circulation.
C. Lymph from the right arm does not enter the thoracic duct. It drains into the right lymphatic duct, which then empties into the systemic circulation.
D. Lymph from the left arm drains into the thoracic duct along with lymph from other parts of the body.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Carotid veins are not the primary veins for receiving lymph from lymphatic vessels. Carotid veins are associated with the head and neck, but they are not the main vessels where lymph drains.
B. Subclavian veins are the correct answer. The lymphatic system drains lymph into the subclavian veins at the junction of the internal jugular vein, where the lymphatic ducts (such as the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct) empty into the bloodstream.
C. Brachial veins are associated with the upper arm and do not receive lymph from the terminal lymphatic vessels.
D. Pulmonary veins are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart, not lymph.
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