The vasomotor center of the ________ controls blood vessels throughout the body.
cerebellum
hypothalamus
cortex
spinal cord
medulla oblongata
The Correct Answer is E
A. Cerebellum: The cerebellum primarily coordinates voluntary movements and maintains balance and posture. It does not regulate blood vessel diameter or control vasomotor activity.
B. Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus helps regulate body temperature and autonomic functions, including some influence on heart rate and fluid balance, but it does not directly control systemic vasoconstriction or vasodilation.
C. Cortex: The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, memory, and voluntary movement. It does not contain centers that regulate vascular tone.
D. Spinal cord: The spinal cord transmits neural signals between the brain and body, including autonomic signals, but it does not independently control vasomotor tone throughout the body.
E. Medulla oblongata: The medulla oblongata contains the vasomotor center, which regulates the diameter of blood vessels via sympathetic output. It controls systemic vascular resistance, thereby maintaining blood pressure and directing blood flow to organs as needed.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Increased risk of developing atherosclerosis:Excess adipose tissue is associated with dyslipidemia and inflammation, which promote the formation of arterial plaques. This increases the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
B. Higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure:Additional adipose tissue increases the total vascular network and tissue demand, which raises peripheral resistance. This elevated resistance contributes to higher blood pressure over time.
C. Lower heart rate and reduced blood flow:A sudden gain in adipose tissue does not typically lower heart rate. In fact, increased tissue mass often requires the heart to pump more blood, which may elevate cardiac output and maintain or even increase heart rate. Reduced blood flow is not expected.
D. Increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance:The body responds to expanding adipose tissue by forming new blood vessels (angiogenesis) to supply the tissue with nutrients. This can also increase peripheral resistance due to the larger vascular network.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pharyngeal tonsils:Pharyngeal tonsils, also called adenoids, are located in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx. They do not reside at the base of the tongue, so they are not the correct choice.
B. Palatine tonsils:Palatine tonsils are located on either side of the oropharynx. They are the commonly referred “tonsils” but are positioned laterally, not at the base of the tongue.
C. Lingual tonsils:Lingual tonsils are located at the posterior base of the tongue. They are composed of lymphoid tissue that helps protect the body from ingested or inhaled pathogens, making this the correct answer.
D. Tubal tonsils:Tubal tonsils surround the openings of the auditory (Eustachian) tubes in the nasopharynx. They are not located on the tongue.
E. Peyer's tonsils:Peyer’s patches are lymphoid follicles in the distal small intestine, not in the oral cavity, so they do not correspond to the tonsils at the tongue base.
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