Therapeutic management of the child with acute diarrhea and dehydration usually begins with what intervention?
Clear liquids
Absorbents such as kaolin and pectin
Oral rehydration solution (ORS)
Antidiarrheal medications
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Clear liquids are not the best intervention for acute diarrhea and dehydration in children. Clear liquids are fluids that are transparent or translucent, such as water, broth, tea, or juice. They may provide some hydration, but they do not contain enough electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride) to replace the losses from diarrhea. They may also worsen diarrhea by increasing the osmotic load in the gut.
Choice B reason: Absorbents such as kaolin and pectin are not recommended for acute diarrhea and dehydration in children. Absorbents are substances that bind to toxins, bacteria, or water in the gut, and are supposed to reduce the frequency and volume of stools. However, there is no evidence that they are effective or safe for children with diarrhea. They may also interfere with the absorption of other medications or nutrients.
Choice C reason: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is the preferred intervention for acute diarrhea and dehydration in children. ORS is a specially formulated solution that contains water, glucose, and electrolytes in the right proportions to replenish the losses from diarrhea. ORS can prevent or treat dehydration, and can also reduce the duration and severity of diarrhea. ORS is widely available, inexpensive, and easy to use. It should be given to children with diarrhea as soon as possible, and continued until the diarrhea stops.
Choice D reason: Antidiarrheal medications are not advised for acute diarrhea and dehydration in children. Antidiarrheal medications are drugs that slow down the movement of the gut, reduce the secretion of fluids, or kill the bacteria that cause diarrhea. However, they are not effective for viral diarrhea, which is the most common cause of diarrhea in children. They may also have serious side effects, such as constipation, abdominal pain, drowsiness, or allergic reactions. They may also mask the symptoms of more serious conditions, such as appendicitis or bowel obstruction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a correct statement, as treatment for atopic dermatitis includes keeping the skin moist, not dry. Dry skin can worsen the itching and inflammation of eczema. Moisturizers, emollients, and topical steroids can help hydrate and protect the skin¹.
Choice B reason: This is not a correct statement, as there is no cure for atopic dermatitis. It is a chronic condition that can flare up and subside over time. Treatment can help control the symptoms and prevent complications, but it cannot eliminate the disease¹.
Choice C reason: This is not a correct statement, as atopic dermatitis is not directly associated with upper respiratory tract infections. However, some infants with atopic dermatitis may also have asthma or allergic rhinitis, which can increase the risk of respiratory infections².
Choice D reason: This is the correct statement, as atopic dermatitis is associated with allergy with a hereditary tendency. It is a type of hypersensitivity reaction that involves the immune system and the skin barrier. It is more common in infants who have a family history of eczema, asthma, or hay fever¹².
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a correct statement, as the American Academy of Pediatrics does not recommend avoiding breastfeeding for children with congenital heart disease. On the contrary, it supports breastfeeding as the optimal source of nutrition for infants, including those with special health care needs¹.
Choice B reason: This is the correct statement, as the American Academy of Pediatrics does not recommend avoiding breastfeeding for children with congenital heart disease. Breastfeeding may have several benefits for these infants, such as enhancing their immune system, reducing their risk of infection, and promoting their growth and development¹². However, breastfeeding may also pose some challenges for these infants, such as increased energy expenditure, poor weight gain, and difficulty coordinating sucking, swallowing, and breathing²³. Therefore, breastfeeding should be individualized and monitored for each infant with congenital heart disease, and supplemented with formula or fortified breast milk if needed²³.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today